महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-81, verse-8

यांश्च द्विषाम्यहं गावस्ते विनश्यन्ति सर्वशः ।
धर्मार्थकामहीनाश्च ते भवन्त्यसुखान्विताः ॥८॥

8. yāṁśca dviṣāmyahaṁ gāvaste vinaśyanti sarvaśaḥ ,
dharmārthakāmahīnāśca te bhavantyasukhānvitāḥ.

8. yān ca dviṣāmi aham gāvaḥ te vinaśyanti sarvaśaḥ
dharmārthakāmahīnāḥ ca te bhavanti asukhānvitāḥ

8. aham yān gāvaḥ ca dviṣāmi te sarvaśaḥ vinaśyanti
ca te dharmārthakāmahīnāḥ asukhānvitāḥ bhavanti

8. Those whom I despise completely perish. Deprived of their intrinsic nature (dharma), wealth, and rightful desires (kāma), they become afflicted with unhappiness.

Words meanings summery:

• यान् (yān) - whom, which (masculine plural accusative)

• च (ca) - and

• द्विषामि (dviṣāmi) - I hate, I despise

• अहम् (aham) - I

• गावः (gāvaḥ) - living beings (cows, living beings, senses, people)

• ते (te) - they, those (masculine plural nominative)

• विनश्यन्ति (vinaśyanti) - they perish, they are destroyed

• सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - entirely, completely, in all ways

• धर्मार्थकामहीनाः (dharmārthakāmahīnāḥ) - deprived of (dharma), wealth, and pleasure (kāma)

• च (ca) - and

• ते (te) - they, those (masculine plural nominative)

• भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they are

• असुखान्विताः (asukhānvitāḥ) - afflicted with unhappiness, unhappy

Words meanings and morphology

यान् (yān) - whom, which (masculine plural accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

द्विषामि (dviṣāmi) - I hate, I despise

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of dviṣ

Present Active Indicative

1st person singular

Root: dviṣ (class 2)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

गावः (gāvaḥ) - living beings (cows, living beings, senses, people)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, ray of light, earth, sense, word

Note: Often refers to beings or senses in philosophical contexts.

ते (te) - they, those (masculine plural nominative)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विनश्यन्ति (vinaśyanti) - they perish, they are destroyed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of naś

Present Active Indicative

3rd person plural

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - entirely, completely, in all ways

(indeclinable)

धर्मार्थकामहीनाः (dharmārthakāmahīnāḥ) - deprived of (dharma), wealth, and pleasure (kāma)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharmārthakāmahīna

dharmārthakāmahīna - devoid of dharma, artha, and kama

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+artha+kāma+hīna)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• artha – wealth, purpose, meaning
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛ (class 3)
• kāma – desire, pleasure, love
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• hīna – deprived of, devoid of, abandoned
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from hā
  Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'te'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - they, those (masculine plural nominative)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they are

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of bhū

Present Active Indicative

3rd person plural

Root: bhū (class 1)

असुखान्विताः (asukhānvitāḥ) - afflicted with unhappiness, unhappy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of asukhānvita

asukhānvita - endowed with unhappiness, unhappy

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+sukha+anvita)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• sukha – happiness, pleasure, ease
  noun (neuter)
• anvita – accompanied by, endowed with
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from i with prefix anu
  Prefix: anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'te'.