महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-77, verse-8

सायं प्रातश्च सततं होमकाले महामते ।
गावो ददति वै होम्यमृषिभ्यः पुरुषर्षभ ॥८॥

8. sāyaṁ prātaśca satataṁ homakāle mahāmate ,
gāvo dadati vai homyamṛṣibhyaḥ puruṣarṣabha.

8. sāyam prātaḥ ca satatam homakāle mahāmate
gāvaḥ dadati vai homyam ṛṣibhyaḥ puruṣarṣabha

8. mahāmate puruṣarṣabha sāyam ca prātaḥ satatam
homakāle gāvaḥ vai ṛṣibhyaḥ homyam dadati

8. O great-minded one, O best among men! Constantly, both in the evening and in the morning, at the time of the Vedic fire ritual (homa), cows indeed provide the offering for the ritual to the sages (ṛṣis).

Words meanings summery:

• सायम् (sāyam) - in the evening (evening, in the evening)

• प्रातः (prātaḥ) - in the morning (morning, in the morning)

• च (ca) - both... and... (and, also, moreover)

• सततम् (satatam) - constantly (always, constantly, perpetually)

• होमकाले (homakāle) - at the time of the Vedic fire ritual (homa) (at the time of homa, at the time of fire ritual)

• महामते (mahāmate) - O great-minded one (O great-minded one, O intelligent one)

• गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows (cows, rays, senses)

• ददति (dadati) - they provide (they give, they grant)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, verily, certainly)

• होम्यम् (homyam) - the offering for the ritual (offering, fit for offering, oblation)

• ऋषिभ्यः (ṛṣibhyaḥ) - to the sages (ṛṣis) (to/for the sages, from the sages)

• पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best among men (O best among men, O foremost of men)

Words meanings and morphology

सायम् (sāyam) - in the evening (evening, in the evening)

(indeclinable)

प्रातः (prātaḥ) - in the morning (morning, in the morning)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - both... and... (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

सततम् (satatam) - constantly (always, constantly, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'sa' (with) + 'tata' (spread).

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Adverbial accusative singular neuter.

होमकाले (homakāle) - at the time of the Vedic fire ritual (homa) (at the time of homa, at the time of fire ritual)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of homakāla

homakāla - time of a homa, time for a fire ritual

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (homa+kāla)

• homa – Vedic fire ritual, oblation
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'hu' (to offer).
  Root: hu (class 3)
• kāla – time, period, season
  noun (masculine)

महामते (mahāmate) - O great-minded one (O great-minded one, O intelligent one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāmat

mahāmat - great-minded, intelligent, noble, wise

Compound of 'mahā' (great) + 'mati' (mind/intellect).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+mati)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• mati – mind, intelligence, thought, intention
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'man' (to think).
  Root: man (class 4)

गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows (cows, rays, senses)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light, speech, eye

Note: From nominal stem 'go' (feminine).

ददति (dadati) - they provide (they give, they grant)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of dā

Present Active Indicative

Root 'dā' (class 3, reduplicated).

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Subject is 'gāvaḥ'.

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, verily, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

होम्यम् (homyam) - the offering for the ritual (offering, fit for offering, oblation)

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of homya

homya - to be offered, fit for a homa, offering

Gerundive

Derived from root 'hu' (to offer) with suffix '-ya'.

Root: hu (class 3)

ऋषिभ्यः (ṛṣibhyaḥ) - to the sages (ṛṣis) (to/for the sages, from the sages)

(noun)

masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet, an ascetic

Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Dative case here (to the sages).

पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best among men (O best among men, O foremost of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - best among men, foremost of men, a mighty man

From 'puruṣa' (man) + 'ṛṣabha' (bull, best).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person, male
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, lord, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Previous Verse Next Verse