महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-77, verse-1

भीष्म उवाच ।
एतस्मिन्नेव काले तु वसिष्ठमृषिसत्तमम् ।
इक्ष्वाकुवंशजो राजा सौदासो ददतां वरः ॥१॥

1. bhīṣma uvāca ,
etasminneva kāle tu vasiṣṭhamṛṣisattamam ,
ikṣvākuvaṁśajo rājā saudāso dadatāṁ varaḥ.

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca etasmin eva kāle tu vasiṣṭham
ṛṣisattamam ikṣvākuvaṃśajaḥ rājā saudāsaḥ dadatām varaḥ

1. Bhīṣma said: Just at that time, King Saudāsa, born in the Ikṣvāku dynasty, the foremost among givers, (honored/approached) Vasiṣṭha, the best of sages.

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एतस्मिन् (etasmin) - in this

• एव (eva) - indeed, just

• काले (kāle) - at time

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, moreover

• वसिष्ठम् (vasiṣṭham) - The great sage Vasiṣṭha (Vasiṣṭha)

• ऋषिसत्तमम् (ṛṣisattamam) - best of sages, foremost sage

• इक्ष्वाकुवंशजः (ikṣvākuvaṁśajaḥ) - born in the Ikṣvāku dynasty

• राजा (rājā) - king

• सौदासः (saudāsaḥ) - Name of a king of the Ikṣvāku dynasty (Saudāsa)

• ददताम् (dadatām) - of those who give, of givers

• वरः (varaḥ) - best, excellent one

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (name of a prominent character in the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

एतस्मिन् (etasmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, these

एव (eva) - indeed, just

(indeclinable)

काले (kāle) - at time

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season

तु (tu) - but, indeed, moreover

(indeclinable)

वसिष्ठम् (vasiṣṭham) - The great sage Vasiṣṭha (Vasiṣṭha)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha

vasiṣṭha - most excellent, best; name of a celebrated Vedic sage

ऋषिसत्तमम् (ṛṣisattamam) - best of sages, foremost sage

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ṛṣisattama

ṛṣisattama - the best among sages, chief of sages

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ṛṣi+sattama)

• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix 'tama'

Note: Agrees with 'Vasiṣṭham'.

इक्ष्वाकुवंशजः (ikṣvākuvaṁśajaḥ) - born in the Ikṣvāku dynasty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ikṣvākuvaṃśaja

ikṣvākuvaṁśaja - born of the Ikṣvāku race or family

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ikṣvākuvaṃśa+ja)

• ikṣvākuvaṃśa – the Ikṣvāku dynasty
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'jan' (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'rājā'.

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

सौदासः (saudāsaḥ) - Name of a king of the Ikṣvāku dynasty (Saudāsa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saudāsa

saudāsa - name of a king of the Ikṣvāku dynasty

ददताम् (dadatām) - of those who give, of givers

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dadat

dadat - giving, granting, bestowing

Present Active Participle

From root 'dā' (to give)

Root: dā (class 3)

वरः (varaḥ) - best, excellent one

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choice, boon, bridegroom

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