महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-11, verse-20

नाहं शरीरेण वसामि देवि नैवं मया शक्यमिहाभिधातुम् ।
यस्मिंस्तु भावेन वसामि पुंसि स वर्धते धर्मयशोर्थकामैः ॥२०॥

20. nāhaṁ śarīreṇa vasāmi devi; naivaṁ mayā śakyamihābhidhātum ,
yasmiṁstu bhāvena vasāmi puṁsi; sa vardhate dharmayaśorthakāmaiḥ.

20. na aham śarīreṇa vasāmi devi na
evam mayā śakyam iha abhidhātum
yasmin tu bhāvena vasāmi puṃsi
saḥ vardhate dharmayaśo'rthakāmaiḥ

20. devi aham śarīreṇa na vasāmi evam
iha mayā abhidhātum na śakyam
yasmin tu bhāvena puṃsi vasāmi
saḥ dharmayaśo'rthakāmaiḥ vardhate

20. O goddess, I do not dwell in the body, nor can I be thus described here. But in that supreme cosmic person (puruṣa) in whom I dwell with my entire being, he flourishes with natural law (dharma), fame, wealth, and desires.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• शरीरेण (śarīreṇa) - in the body (instrumental used for location) (by the body, with the body)

• वसामि (vasāmi) - I dwell (I dwell, I reside, I live)

• देवि (devi) - O goddess

• न (na) - nor (not, no)

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, so, in this manner)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• शक्यम् (śakyam) - it is possible (possible, capable)

• इह (iha) - here (in this context) (here, in this world, in this matter)

• अभिधातुम् (abhidhātum) - to be described (in passive sense with `śakyam`) (to describe, to speak, to declare)

• यस्मिन् (yasmin) - in whom (in whom, in which)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, yet)

• भावेन (bhāvena) - with (my) being (by being, by existence, with one's whole being/mind)

• वसामि (vasāmi) - I dwell (I dwell, I reside, I live)

• पुंसि (puṁsi) - in the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa) (in the man, in the male, in the cosmic person)

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to `puruṣa`) (he, that)

• वर्धते (vardhate) - he flourishes (he grows, he increases, he flourishes)

• धर्मयशो&#०३९;र्थकामैः (dharmayaśo'rthakāmaiḥ) - with natural law (dharma), fame, wealth, and desires (with natural law, fame, wealth, and desires)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

शरीरेण (śarīreṇa) - in the body (instrumental used for location) (by the body, with the body)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śarīra

śarīra - body, corporeal frame

वसामि (vasāmi) - I dwell (I dwell, I reside, I live)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vas

present active indicative

Root: vas (class 1)

देवि (devi) - O goddess

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of devī

devī - goddess, divine female

Note: Addressing a goddess (Umā).

न (na) - nor (not, no)

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Agent in passive construction.

शक्यम् (śakyam) - it is possible (possible, capable)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, fit

Gerundive (kṛtya)

from root `śak` (to be able). Indicates possibility or obligation.

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Implies "it is possible".

इह (iha) - here (in this context) (here, in this world, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

अभिधातुम् (abhidhātum) - to be described (in passive sense with `śakyam`) (to describe, to speak, to declare)

(verb)

infinitive of abhidhā

Infinitive (tumun)

from root `dhā` (to place) with prefix `abhi-`

Prefix: abhi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: The passive meaning "to be described" is implied by the `śakyam mayā` construction.

यस्मिन् (yasmin) - in whom (in whom, in which)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, yet)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks a contrast.

भावेन (bhāvena) - with (my) being (by being, by existence, with one's whole being/mind)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhāva

bhāva - state of being, existence, sentiment, disposition, nature, heart, mind

from root `bhū` (to be)

Root: bhū (class 1)

वसामि (vasāmi) - I dwell (I dwell, I reside, I live)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vas

present active indicative

Root: vas (class 1)

पुंसि (puṁsi) - in the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa) (in the man, in the male, in the cosmic person)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of puṃs

puṁs - man, male, person, spirit, supreme cosmic person

Note: Qualifies `yasmin`.

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to `puruṣa`) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Correlative to `yasmin`.

वर्धते (vardhate) - he flourishes (he grows, he increases, he flourishes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛdh

present middle indicative

`ātmāne-pada` ending.

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

धर्मयशो&#०३९;र्थकामैः (dharmayaśo'rthakāmaiḥ) - with natural law (dharma), fame, wealth, and desires (with natural law, fame, wealth, and desires)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dharmayaśo'rthakāma

dharmayaśo'rthakāma - natural law, fame, wealth, and desires (the four human pursuits)

Dvandva compound of `dharma`, `yaśas`, `artha`, and `kāma`.

Compound type : dvandva (dharma+yaśas+artha+kāma)

• dharma – natural law, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  from root `dhṛ` (to uphold, sustain)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• yaśas – fame, glory, reputation
  noun (neuter)
• artha – wealth, prosperity, meaning, purpose
  noun (masculine)
• kāma – desire, wish, pleasure
  noun (masculine)
  from root `kam` (to desire)
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Sandhi `yaśas` + `artha` -> `yaśo'rtha` is considered internal to this compound.