महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-55, verse-18

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवमुक्तस्तु भीष्मेण धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः ।
विनीतवदुपागम्य तस्थौ संदर्शनेऽग्रतः ॥१८॥

18. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evamuktastu bhīṣmeṇa dharmarājo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ,
vinītavadupāgamya tasthau saṁdarśane'grataḥ.

18. vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca evam uktaḥ tu bhīṣmeṇa dharmarājaḥ
yudhiṣṭhiraḥ vinītavat upāgamya tasthau saṃdarśane agrataḥ

18. vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca.
tu bhīṣmeṇa evam uktaḥ dharmarājaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ vinītavat upāgamya agrataḥ saṃdarśane tasthau.

18. Vaiśampāyana said: Although thus addressed by Bhishma, King Yudhiṣṭhira, the King of Righteousness (Dharma-rāja), humbly approached and stood before him, within his sight.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - said, spoken

• तु (tu) - but, and, indeed

• भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhishma

• धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (King of Righteousness)

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

• विनीतवत् (vinītavat) - respectfully, humbly

• उपागम्य (upāgamya) - having approached

• तस्थौ (tasthau) - he stood

• संदर्शने (saṁdarśane) - in the sight, in the presence

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front, before

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśampāyana

vaiśampāyana - Vaiśampāyana, a celebrated sage, a disciple of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahābhārata

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, third person singular

Root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies `uktaḥ`.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - said, spoken

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, declared

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies `yudhiṣṭhiraḥ`.

तु (tu) - but, and, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle implying a slight contrast or continuation.

भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhishma

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma, a prominent character in the Mahābhārata, son of Ganga and Śāntanu

Note: Agent of `uktaḥ`.

धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (King of Righteousness)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - King of Righteousness, epithet of Yudhiṣṭhira; also Yama, the lord of death and justice

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue, constitution, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Appositive to `yudhiṣṭhiraḥ`.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira, the eldest of the Pāṇḍavas, known for his steadfastness in war and righteousness

Compound type : aluk-samāsa / upapada (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  indeclinable (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady, constant, steadfast
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of `tasthau`.

विनीतवत् (vinītavat) - respectfully, humbly

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from vinīta (modest, humble) with -vat suffix

Note: Adverb modifying `upāgamya` and `tasthau`.

उपागम्य (upāgamya) - having approached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root gam (to go) with prefixes upa- and ā-

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

तस्थौ (tasthau) - he stood

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of sthā

Perfect tense, third person singular

Root sthā (to stand), Bhvādi class (1st conjugation)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence for Yudhiṣṭhira.

संदर्शने (saṁdarśane) - in the sight, in the presence

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saṃdarśana

saṁdarśana - sight, view, presence, appearance

Verbal Noun

From root dṛś (to see) with prefix sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front, before

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix -tas indicating 'from/in front'

Note: Indicates position.