महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-55, verse-15

पितॄन्पितामहान्पुत्रान्गुरून्संबन्धिबान्धवान् ।
मिथ्याप्रवृत्तान्यः संख्ये निहन्याद्धर्म एव सः ॥१५॥

15. pitṝnpitāmahānputrāngurūnsaṁbandhibāndhavān ,
mithyāpravṛttānyaḥ saṁkhye nihanyāddharma eva saḥ.

15. pitṝn pitāmahān putrān gurūn sambandhibāndhavān
mithyāpravṛttān yaḥ saṅkhye nihanyāt dharmaḥ eva saḥ

15. yaḥ saṅkhye mithyāpravṛttān pitṝn pitāmahān putrān gurūn sambandhibāndhavān nihanyāt,
saḥ eva dharmaḥ

15. Whoever kills in battle those who are fathers, grandfathers, sons, teachers, relatives, and kinsmen, but are engaged in wrong conduct, that alone is proper action (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• पितॄन् (pitṝn) - fathers, ancestors

• पितामहान् (pitāmahān) - grandfathers

• पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons

• गुरून् (gurūn) - teachers, preceptors, respected elders

• सम्बन्धिबान्धवान् (sambandhibāndhavān) - relatives and kinsmen

• मिथ्याप्रवृत्तान् (mithyāpravṛttān) - those who have engaged in unrighteous or false actions (engaged in wrong conduct, wrongly acting)

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever (the relative pronoun introducing the subject of the action) (who, which)

• सङ्ख्ये (saṅkhye) - in battle, in combat

• निहन्यात् (nihanyāt) - should kill, would kill

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteous action, duty (natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness)

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, certainly

• सः (saḥ) - that (referring to the act mentioned) (that, he)

Words meanings and morphology

पितॄन् (pitṝn) - fathers, ancestors

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

पितामहान् (pitāmahān) - grandfathers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather (father's father)

पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

गुरून् (gurūn) - teachers, preceptors, respected elders

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide, elder, heavy, important

सम्बन्धिबान्धवान् (sambandhibāndhavān) - relatives and kinsmen

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sambandhibāndhava

sambandhibāndhava - relatives and kinsmen, relations and friends

Compound type : Dvandva (sambandhin+bāndhava)

• sambandhin – relative, connection, one connected by relationship
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root bandh (to bind) with prefix sam and suffix -in.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bandh (class 1)
• bāndhava – kinsman, relative, friend
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from bandhu (relation) with suffix -a.

मिथ्याप्रवृत्तान् (mithyāpravṛttān) - those who have engaged in unrighteous or false actions (engaged in wrong conduct, wrongly acting)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mithyāpravṛtta

mithyāpravṛtta - engaged in wrong action, falsely acting, wrongly applied

Past Passive Participle (used as adjective)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (mithyā+pravṛtta)

• mithyā – falsely, wrongly, incorrectly
  indeclinable
• pravṛtta – engaged in, begun, started, proceeding
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root vṛt (to be, to exist, to turn) with prefix pra.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - whoever (the relative pronoun introducing the subject of the action) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whoever

सङ्ख्ये (saṅkhye) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saṅkhya

saṅkhya - battle, combat, war; number, calculation

निहन्यात् (nihanyāt) - should kill, would kill

(verb)

3rd person , singular, Active, Optative (Vidhiliṅ) of nihan

Optative mood form of the root han (to strike, kill) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteous action, duty (natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, constitution, virtue, code of conduct

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - that (referring to the act mentioned) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it