महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-305, verse-19

सर्वगन्धान्रसांश्चैव धारयेत समाहितः ।
तथा हि मृत्युं जयति तत्परेणान्तरात्मना ॥१९॥

19. sarvagandhānrasāṁścaiva dhārayeta samāhitaḥ ,
tathā hi mṛtyuṁ jayati tatpareṇāntarātmanā.

19. sarvagandhān rasān ca eva dhārayeta samāhitaḥ
tathā hi mṛtyum jayati tatpareṇa antarātmanā

19. samāhitaḥ (saḥ) sarvagandhān rasān ca eva dhārayeta
tathā hi tatpareṇa antarātmanā mṛtyum jayati

19. A person who is concentrated (samāhita) should control all scents and tastes. For in this way, through their inner self (antarātman) which is devoted to the Supreme (Self), one conquers death.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वगन्धान् (sarvagandhān) - all scents (all smells, all fragrances)

• रसान् (rasān) - tastes (tastes, essences, juices, feelings, emotions)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• एव (eva) - indeed (for emphasis) (indeed, only, certainly, even, just)

• धारयेत (dhārayeta) - should control (should hold, should bear, should maintain, should concentrate, should control)

• समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - a person who is concentrated (collected, composed, concentrated, absorbed, attentive)

• तथा (tathā) - in this way (thus, so, in that manner, likewise)

• हि (hi) - for (for, because, indeed, surely)

• मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death

• जयति (jayati) - conquers (conquers, overcomes, wins)

• तत्परेण (tatpareṇa) - through (their inner self) which is devoted to the Supreme (Self) (by one intent on that, devoted to that)

• अन्तरात्मना (antarātmanā) - through their inner self (antarātman) (by the inner self, by the indwelling spirit)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वगन्धान् (sarvagandhān) - all scents (all smells, all fragrances)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarvagandha

sarvagandha - all smells, every kind of perfume

Compound `sarva` (all) + `gandha` (smell).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+gandha)

• sarva – all, every, whole, entire
  adjective (masculine)
• gandha – smell, odour, perfume, fragrance
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of `dhārayeta`.

रसान् (rasān) - tastes (tastes, essences, juices, feelings, emotions)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rasa

rasa - taste, flavour, juice, essence, fluid, sentiment, aesthetic emotion

Masculine noun.

Note: Object of `dhārayeta`.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (for emphasis) (indeed, only, certainly, even, just)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

धारयेत (dhārayeta) - should control (should hold, should bear, should maintain, should concentrate, should control)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of dhṛ

Optative Mood, Ātmanepada, 3rd Person, Singular (Causative stem)

From verbal root `dhṛ` (class 1), causative stem `dhāraya-`. Here in the middle voice (ātmanepada).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject is `samāhitaḥ`.

समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - a person who is concentrated (collected, composed, concentrated, absorbed, attentive)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samāhita

samāhita - collected, composed, concentrated, absorbed, attentive, placed together

Past Passive Participle

From `sam` (prefix) + `ā` (prefix) + verbal root `dhā` (to place, put).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Subject of `dhārayeta` and `jayati`.

तथा (tathā) - in this way (thus, so, in that manner, likewise)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

हि (hi) - for (for, because, indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

Causal or emphatic particle.

मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death, Yama (god of death)

Masculine noun ending in `u`.

Root: mṛ (class 6)

जयति (jayati) - conquers (conquers, overcomes, wins)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ji

Present Tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd Person, Singular

From verbal root `ji` (class 1).

Root: ji (class 1)

तत्परेण (tatpareṇa) - through (their inner self) which is devoted to the Supreme (Self) (by one intent on that, devoted to that)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tatpara

tatpara - intent on that, devoted to that, absorbed in that

Compound `tat` (that) + `para` (intent on, devoted to).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tad+para)

• tad – that, he, she, it
  pronoun (neuter)
• para – other, supreme, highest, ultimate, devoted to, intent on
  adjective (masculine)

अन्तरात्मना (antarātmanā) - through their inner self (antarātman) (by the inner self, by the indwelling spirit)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of antarātman

antarātman - the inner soul, the individual soul, the conscience

Compound `antara` (inner) + `ātman` (self).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (antara+ātman)

• antara – interior, inner, intermediate, different
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – breath, soul, self, spirit, essence, ego, mind, the Supreme Soul (Brahman)
  noun (masculine)
  Masculine noun ending in `an`.
  Root: an (class 2)