महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-305, verse-17

एतावन्ति त्वरिष्टानि विदित्वा मानवोऽऽत्मवान् ।
निशि चाहनि चात्मानं योजयेत्परमात्मनि ॥१७॥

17. etāvanti tvariṣṭāni viditvā mānavo''tmavān ,
niśi cāhani cātmānaṁ yojayetparamātmani.

17. etāvanti tu ariṣṭāni viditvā mānavaḥ ātmavān
niśi ca ahani ca ātmānam yojayet paramātmani

17. mānavaḥ ātmavān etāvanti ariṣṭāni viditvā niśi
ca ahani ca ātmānam paramātmani yojayet tu

17. A self-controlled human being (ātmavān), understanding these numerous calamities, should constantly (both by night and by day) unite their individual self (ātman) with the Supreme Self (paramātmā).

Words meanings summery:

• एतावन्ति (etāvanti) - these numerous (calamities) (so many, these many)

• तु (tu) - (for emphasis, often untranslated in smooth English) (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

• अरिष्टानि (ariṣṭāni) - numerous calamities (referring to various worldly afflictions or negative omens) (calamities, misfortunes, evil omens, troubles, injuries)

• विदित्वा (viditvā) - having understood (having known, having understood, after knowing)

• मानवः (mānavaḥ) - a human being (a human being, man, descendant of Manu)

• आत्मवान् (ātmavān) - a self-controlled (person) (possessed of a self, self-possessed, firm, wise, spiritual, composed)

• निशि (niśi) - at night (at night, in the night)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• अहनि (ahani) - by day (by day, during the day)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - their individual self (ātman) (the self, soul, spirit, oneself)

• योजयेत् (yojayet) - should unite (should unite, should join, should apply, should direct)

• परमात्मनि (paramātmani) - with the Supreme Self (paramātmā) (in/with the Supreme Self)

Words meanings and morphology

एतावन्ति (etāvanti) - these numerous (calamities) (so many, these many)

(adjective)

neuter, plural of etāvat

etāvat - so much, so many, so great, of such a measure

तु (tu) - (for emphasis, often untranslated in smooth English) (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

अरिष्टानि (ariṣṭāni) - numerous calamities (referring to various worldly afflictions or negative omens) (calamities, misfortunes, evil omens, troubles, injuries)

(noun)

neuter, plural of ariṣṭa

ariṣṭa - uninjured, safe, well; misfortune, calamity, ill-luck, evil omen, danger

Past Passive Participle

Formed from `a-` (negation) + `riṣṭa` (P.P.P. of `riṣ` 'to hurt'). So, 'unhurt', which can mean 'safe' or 'calamity' (something that cannot be warded off).

Root: riṣ (class 6)

विदित्वा (viditvā) - having understood (having known, having understood, after knowing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from verbal root `vid` with suffix `tvā`.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: This is an indeclinable past participle (absolutive).

मानवः (mānavaḥ) - a human being (a human being, man, descendant of Manu)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mānava

mānava - human, pertaining to man, a man, a human being

From `Manu` + `a` (taddhita suffix indicating descent or relation).

आत्मवान् (ātmavān) - a self-controlled (person) (possessed of a self, self-possessed, firm, wise, spiritual, composed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātmavat

ātmavat - possessing a self (ātman), endowed with a soul, spiritual, self-possessed, wise, firm, brave

Formed from `ātman` + possessive suffix `matup` (becomes `vat`).

Note: Agrees with `mānavaḥ`.

निशि (niśi) - at night (at night, in the night)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of niś

niś - night

Feminine noun ending in `ś`.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

अहनि (ahani) - by day (by day, during the day)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ahan

ahan - day

Neuter noun ending in `n`.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - their individual self (ātman) (the self, soul, spirit, oneself)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - breath, soul, self, spirit, essence, ego, mind, the Supreme Soul (Brahman)

Masculine noun ending in `an`.

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Object of `yojayet`.

योजयेत् (yojayet) - should unite (should unite, should join, should apply, should direct)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of yuj

Optative Mood, Parasmaipada, 3rd Person, Singular

From verbal root `yuj` (class 7), causative stem `yojaya-`.

Root: yuj (class 7)

परमात्मनि (paramātmani) - with the Supreme Self (paramātmā) (in/with the Supreme Self)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of paramātman

paramātman - the Supreme Soul, the Universal Spirit, God

Compound: `parama` (supreme) + `ātman` (self).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+ātman)

• parama – highest, supreme, ultimate, best
  adjective (masculine)
• ātman – breath, soul, self, spirit, essence, ego, mind, the Supreme Soul (Brahman)
  noun (masculine)
  Masculine noun ending in `an`.
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Locative case indicating the object of union.