महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-275, verse-21

एतद्ब्रह्मन्विजानामि महत्कृत्वा तपोऽव्ययम् ।
तेन नारद संप्राप्तो न मां शोकः प्रबाधते ॥२१॥

21. etadbrahmanvijānāmi mahatkṛtvā tapo'vyayam ,
tena nārada saṁprāpto na māṁ śokaḥ prabādhate.

21. etat brahman vijānāmi mahat kṛtvā tapaḥ avyayam
tena nārada samprāptaḥ na mām śokaḥ prabādhate

21. brahman (he) aham etat vijānāmi
(yataḥ) mahat avyayam tapaḥ kṛtvā tena
nārada (he) (aham) samprāptaḥ
(asmi) (ataḥ) śokaḥ mām na prabādhate

21. O Brahmin, I know this, having performed great, imperishable asceticism (tapas). Therefore, O Narada, having attained this state, sorrow does not afflict me.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin

• विजानामि (vijānāmi) - I know, I understand

• महत् (mahat) - great, extensive

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having performed

• तपः (tapaḥ) - asceticism (tapas) (austerity, asceticism)

• अव्ययम् (avyayam) - imperishable, undecaying

• तेन (tena) - by that, for that reason

• नारद (nārada) - O Narada

• सम्प्राप्तः (samprāptaḥ) - attained, achieved, arrived at

• न (na) - not, no

• माम् (mām) - me

• शोकः (śokaḥ) - sorrow, grief

• प्रबाधते (prabādhate) - afflicts, obstructs, torments

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etat

etat - this, that

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmin, priest; sacred utterance, the Absolute (neuter)

विजानामि (vijānāmi) - I know, I understand

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of vijñā

Derived from the root jñā (to know) with the prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

महत् (mahat) - great, extensive

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, mighty

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having performed

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

Derived from the root kṛ (to do, to make) with the suffix -tvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तपः (tapaḥ) - asceticism (tapas) (austerity, asceticism)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, spiritual heat, austerity, asceticism, penance

अव्ययम् (avyayam) - imperishable, undecaying

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of avyaya

avyaya - imperishable, undecaying, immutable; an indeclinable word

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vyaya)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• vyaya – expenditure, decay, loss, destruction
  noun (masculine)

तेन (tena) - by that, for that reason

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine/neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

नारद (nārada) - O Narada

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Narada (a divine sage, son of Brahma, known as a messenger and musician)

सम्प्राप्तः (samprāptaḥ) - attained, achieved, arrived at

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samprāpta

samprāpta - attained, reached, acquired, arrived

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of the root āp (to obtain, reach) with prefixes sam- and pra-.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

शोकः (śokaḥ) - sorrow, grief

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief, lamentation

प्रबाधते (prabādhate) - afflicts, obstructs, torments

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of prabādh

Derived from the root bādh (to oppress, distress) with the prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: bādh (class 1)