महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-251, verse-8

यदास्य तद्धरन्त्यन्ये तदा राजानमिच्छति ।
तदा तेषां स्पृहयते ये वै तुष्टाः स्वकैर्धनैः ॥८॥

8. yadāsya taddharantyanye tadā rājānamicchati ,
tadā teṣāṁ spṛhayate ye vai tuṣṭāḥ svakairdhanaiḥ.

8. yadā asya tat haranti anye tadā rājānam icchati
tadā teṣām spṛhayate ye vai tuṣṭāḥ svakaiḥ dhanaiḥ

8. yadā anye asya tat haranti,
tadā (saḥ) rājānam icchati.
tadā (saḥ) teṣām spṛhayate ye vai svakaiḥ dhanaiḥ tuṣṭāḥ (santi).

8. When others steal that very wealth from him, he then wishes for a king. At that time, he envies those who are truly content with their own possessions.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when (when, whenever)

• अस्य (asya) - from him (the thief) (his, of him, of this)

• तत् (tat) - that (wealth) (that, it)

• हरन्ति (haranti) - steal (they take away, they steal, they carry off)

• अन्ये (anye) - others (others, other ones)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• राजानम् (rājānam) - a king (king, ruler)

• इच्छति (icchati) - he wishes for (he wishes for, desires, wants)

• तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - those (people) (of them, to them)

• स्पृहयते (spṛhayate) - he envies (he envies, longs for, desires)

• ये (ye) - those who (who, those who)

• वै (vai) - truly (indeed, verily, certainly)

• तुष्टाः (tuṣṭāḥ) - content (satisfied, content, pleased)

• स्वकैः (svakaiḥ) - with their own (with their own, by one's own)

• धनैः (dhanaiḥ) - with their own possessions (with wealth, by riches, with possessions)

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when (when, whenever)

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

अस्य (asya) - from him (the thief) (his, of him, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, it

Note: Refers to the thief from the previous verse.

तत् (tat) - that (wealth) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Refers to the wealth stolen by the first thief.

हरन्ति (haranti) - steal (they take away, they steal, they carry off)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of hṛ

present active

3rd person plural, present tense, active voice. From root 'hṛ' (class 1).

Root: hṛ (class 1)

अन्ये (anye) - others (others, other ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, different

Note: Subject of 'haranti'.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

राजानम् (rājānam) - a king (king, ruler)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

Note: Object of 'icchati'.

इच्छति (icchati) - he wishes for (he wishes for, desires, wants)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

present active

3rd person singular, present tense, active voice. From root 'iṣ' (class 6).

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Subject is the thief (implied from previous verse).

तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time, introducing a new clause.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - those (people) (of them, to them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'spṛhayate' (envy often takes genitive or dative).

स्पृहयते (spṛhayate) - he envies (he envies, longs for, desires)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of spṛh

present middle

3rd person singular, present tense, middle voice. From root 'spṛh' (class 10 or denominative). Often takes genitive or dative for the object of desire/envy.

Root: spṛh (class 10)

Note: Subject is the thief (implied).

ये (ye) - those who (who, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Relative pronoun, refers to the people the thief envies.

वै (vai) - truly (indeed, verily, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

तुष्टाः (tuṣṭāḥ) - content (satisfied, content, pleased)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tuṣṭa

tuṣṭa - satisfied, content, pleased

past passive participle

Past Passive Participle of root 'tuṣ' (to be pleased, satisfied).

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'ye'.

स्वकैः (svakaiḥ) - with their own (with their own, by one's own)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of svaka

svaka - one's own, personal

Derived from 'sva' (own).

Note: Qualifies 'dhanaiḥ'.

धनैः (dhanaiḥ) - with their own possessions (with wealth, by riches, with possessions)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of dhana

dhana - wealth, property, riches, money

Note: Instrument of 'tuṣṭāḥ'.