महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-251, verse-20

योऽन्यस्य स्यादुपपतिः स कं किं वक्तुमर्हति ।
यदन्यस्तस्य तत्कुर्यान्न मृष्येदिति मे मतिः ॥२०॥

20. yo'nyasya syādupapatiḥ sa kaṁ kiṁ vaktumarhati ,
yadanyastasya tatkuryānna mṛṣyediti me matiḥ.

20. yaḥ anyasya syāt upapatiḥ saḥ kam kim vaktum arhati
yat anyaḥ tasya tat kuryāt na mṛṣyet iti me matiḥ

20. yaḥ anyasya upapatiḥ syāt saḥ kam kim vaktum arhati
yat anyaḥ tasya tat kuryāt na mṛṣyet iti me matiḥ

20. Whoever becomes the paramour of another, what right does he have to speak, or to whom can he say anything? My opinion is that if another were to do that very thing to him, he would certainly not tolerate it.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever, which

• अन्यस्य (anyasya) - of another (person/wife) (of another, to another)

• स्यात् (syāt) - becomes (may be, should be, would be)

• उपपतिः (upapatiḥ) - paramour, illicit lover

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• कम् (kam) - to whom (whom, to what)

• किम् (kim) - what (words/things) (what, why)

• वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak, to say

• अर्हति (arhati) - has the right to (he is worthy, he ought, he deserves)

• यत् (yat) - if (introducing a conditional clause) (what, which, if)

• अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another person (another, other)

• तस्य (tasya) - to him (the paramour) (to him, of him)

• तत् (tat) - that very thing (i.e., becoming a paramour to his wife) (that, it)

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - one should do, may do, would do

• न (na) - not, no

• मृष्येत् (mṛṣyet) - would tolerate (one should bear, one should tolerate, one should endure)

• इति (iti) - (marking the end of the thought) (thus, so, in this manner)

• मे (me) - my (my, of me, to me)

• मतिः (matiḥ) - opinion (opinion, thought, understanding, intellect)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun, subject of syāt.

अन्यस्य (anyasya) - of another (person/wife) (of another, to another)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another

Note: Genitive, indicating possession or relationship.

स्यात् (syāt) - becomes (may be, should be, would be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative mood, Active voice

Class 2 verb, optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Expresses possibility or potential.

उपपतिः (upapatiḥ) - paramour, illicit lover

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upapati

upapati - paramour, illicit lover, a minor lord

From prefix upa (near, subordinate) + pati (master, husband).

Note: Predicate nominative for yaḥ.

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlative pronoun for yaḥ.

कम् (kam) - to whom (whom, to what)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

Note: Object of vaktum, here implies 'to whom'.

किम् (kim) - what (words/things) (what, why)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which, why

Note: Direct object of vaktum.

वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak, to say

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root vac with suffix tumun.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Acts as an indeclinable verb form expressing purpose or potential.

अर्हति (arhati) - has the right to (he is worthy, he ought, he deserves)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present tense, Active voice

Class 1 verb, present tense, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Often used with an infinitive to express capacity or entitlement.

यत् (yat) - if (introducing a conditional clause) (what, which, if)

(indeclinable)

Used as a conjunction for 'if'.

Note: Functions as a conditional conjunction.

अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another person (another, other)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another

Note: Subject of kuryāt.

तस्य (tasya) - to him (the paramour) (to him, of him)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Dative of recipient.

तत् (tat) - that very thing (i.e., becoming a paramour to his wife) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of kuryāt. Refers to the action described in the first part.

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - one should do, may do, would do

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of kṛ

Optative mood, Active voice

Class 8 verb, optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Conditional action.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates mṛṣyet.

मृष्येत् (mṛṣyet) - would tolerate (one should bear, one should tolerate, one should endure)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of mṛṣ

Optative mood, Active voice

Class 4 verb, optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: mṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Expresses a hypothetical outcome.

इति (iti) - (marking the end of the thought) (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces me matiḥ.

मे (me) - my (my, of me, to me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Enclitic genitive or dative form.

मतिः (matiḥ) - opinion (opinion, thought, understanding, intellect)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mati

mati - opinion, thought, understanding, intellect, intention

From root man (to think) with suffix ti.

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Predicate nominative for an implied 'this is'.