महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-12, chapter-167, verse-4
तस्या वक्त्राच्च्युतः फेनः क्षीरमिश्रस्तदानघ ।
सोऽपतद्वै ततस्तस्यां चितायां राजधर्मणः ॥४॥
सोऽपतद्वै ततस्तस्यां चितायां राजधर्मणः ॥४॥
4. tasyā vaktrāccyutaḥ phenaḥ kṣīramiśrastadānagha ,
so'patadvai tatastasyāṁ citāyāṁ rājadharmaṇaḥ.
so'patadvai tatastasyāṁ citāyāṁ rājadharmaṇaḥ.
4.
tasyāḥ vaktrāt cyutaḥ phenaḥ kṣīra-miśraḥ tadā anagha
saḥ apatat vai tataḥ tasyām citāyām rājadharmaṇaḥ
saḥ apatat vai tataḥ tasyām citāyām rājadharmaṇaḥ
4.
anagha tadā tasyāḥ vaktrāt kṣīra-miśraḥ cyutaḥ phenaḥ
saḥ vai tataḥ rājadharmaṇaḥ tasyām citāyām apatat
saḥ vai tataḥ rājadharmaṇaḥ tasyām citāyām apatat
4.
O sinless one, then the foam, mixed with milk, which had fallen from her mouth, indeed landed upon that funeral pyre of King Rajadharman.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - from her (the specific female in the narrative) (from her, of her)
- वक्त्रात् (vaktrāt) - from the mouth (of the specific female) (from the mouth, from the face)
- च्युतः (cyutaḥ) - fallen (from the mouth) (fallen, dropped, slipped, dislodged)
- फेनः (phenaḥ) - foam (from the mouth, mixed with milk) (foam, froth, spume)
- क्षीर-मिश्रः (kṣīra-miśraḥ) - foam mixed with milk (mixed with milk)
- तदा (tadā) - then (referring to the time of the event) (then, at that time)
- अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one (addressing the listener or a character in the narrative) (O sinless one, O faultless one)
- सः (saḥ) - that (foam) (he, that (one))
- अपतत् (apatat) - it (the foam) fell (it fell, he fell, dropped)
- वै (vai) - indeed (emphasizing the statement) (indeed, certainly, verily)
- ततः (tataḥ) - from there (from the position of falling) (from there, then, thence)
- तस्याम् (tasyām) - on that (pyre) (on that, in that)
- चितायाम् (citāyām) - on the funeral pyre (of King Rajadharman) (on the funeral pyre, in the pile)
- राजधर्मणः (rājadharmaṇaḥ) - of King Rajadharman (proper name or title) (of the king's constitution/natural law (dharma), of the king's intrinsic nature (dharma), of King Rajadharman)
Words meanings and morphology
तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - from her (the specific female in the narrative) (from her, of her)
(pronoun)
Ablative, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, she, he, it
Demonstrative pronoun.
Note: Also genitive singular. Context implies 'from' her mouth.
वक्त्रात् (vaktrāt) - from the mouth (of the specific female) (from the mouth, from the face)
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of vaktra
vaktra - mouth, face, snout, front part
From √vac 'to speak'.
Root: vac (class 2)
च्युतः (cyutaḥ) - fallen (from the mouth) (fallen, dropped, slipped, dislodged)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of cyuta
cyuta - fallen, dropped, deviated, moved, displaced
Past Passive Participle
From √cyu 'to move, fall'.
Root: cyu (class 1)
Note: Agrees with 'phenaḥ'.
फेनः (phenaḥ) - foam (from the mouth, mixed with milk) (foam, froth, spume)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of phena
phena - foam, froth, spume, scum
क्षीर-मिश्रः (kṣīra-miśraḥ) - foam mixed with milk (mixed with milk)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣīra-miśra
kṣīra-miśra - mixed with milk, milky
Compound.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣīra+miśra)
- kṣīra – milk, milky fluid, sap
noun (neuter) - miśra – mixed, blended, combined, compounded
adjective
From √miśr 'to mix'.
Root: miśr (class 10)
तदा (tadā) - then (referring to the time of the event) (then, at that time)
(indeclinable)
Formed from 'tad' (that) + suffix 'dā'.
अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one (addressing the listener or a character in the narrative) (O sinless one, O faultless one)
(adjective)
Vocative, masculine, singular of anagha
anagha - sinless, faultless, pure, blameless
Formed from 'a' (negation) + 'agha' (sin, fault).
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+agha)
- a – not, un-, without
indeclinable
Negation prefix. - agha – sin, fault, evil, distress, misfortune
noun (neuter)
Note: Used as an address.
सः (saḥ) - that (foam) (he, that (one))
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Demonstrative pronoun.
Note: Refers to 'phenaḥ'.
अपतत् (apatat) - it (the foam) fell (it fell, he fell, dropped)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat
Imperfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular.
From √pat 'to fall'. The initial 'a-' is the augment for the imperfect.
Root: pat (class 1)
वै (vai) - indeed (emphasizing the statement) (indeed, certainly, verily)
(indeclinable)
Emphatic particle.
ततः (tataḥ) - from there (from the position of falling) (from there, then, thence)
(indeclinable)
Formed from 'tad' (that) + suffix 'tas'.
तस्याम् (tasyām) - on that (pyre) (on that, in that)
(pronoun)
Locative, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, she, he, it
Demonstrative pronoun.
Note: Agrees with 'citāyām'.
चितायाम् (citāyām) - on the funeral pyre (of King Rajadharman) (on the funeral pyre, in the pile)
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of citā
citā - funeral pyre, pile, heap
From √ci 'to pile, collect'.
Root: ci (class 5)
राजधर्मणः (rājadharmaṇaḥ) - of King Rajadharman (proper name or title) (of the king's constitution/natural law (dharma), of the king's intrinsic nature (dharma), of King Rajadharman)
(proper noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of rājadharman
rājadharman - king's duty/constitution (dharma), royal law; (as a proper noun) name of a king.
Compound.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+dharma)
- rājan – king, ruler
noun (masculine) - dharma – constitution (dharma), natural law (dharma), intrinsic nature (dharma), duty, righteousness, virtue
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Here taken as a proper noun, a king's name or title.