महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-115, verse-18

प्रत्युच्यमानस्तु हि भूय एभिर्निशाम्य मा भूस्त्वमथार्तरूपः ।
उच्चस्य नीचेन हि संप्रयोगं विगर्हयन्ति स्थिरबुद्धयो ये ॥१८॥

18. pratyucyamānastu hi bhūya ebhi;rniśāmya mā bhūstvamathārtarūpaḥ ,
uccasya nīcena hi saṁprayogaṁ; vigarhayanti sthirabuddhayo ye.

18. pratyucyamānaḥ tu hi bhūyaḥ ebhiḥ
niśāmya mā bhūḥ tvam atha ārtarūpaḥ
| uccasya nīcena hi saṃprayogam
vigarhayanti sthirabuddhayaḥ ye

18. tvam ebhiḥ bhūyaḥ pratyucyamānaḥ hi,
niśāmya,
atha ārtarūpaḥ mā bhūḥ.
ye sthirabuddhayaḥ,
(te) uccasya nīcena saṃprayogam hi vigarhayanti.

18. Indeed, considering that you are being spoken back to by such individuals again, do not become distressed. For those with a steady intellect truly condemn the association of the noble with the ignoble.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रत्युच्यमानः (pratyucyamānaḥ) - being spoken back to, being replied to

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

• एभिः (ebhiḥ) - By these (ignoble individuals). (by these)

• निशाम्य (niśāmya) - having observed, having considered, having perceived

• मा (mā) - not, do not

• भूः (bhūḥ) - become

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• अथ (atha) - then, thus, now

• आर्तरूपः (ārtarūpaḥ) - having a distressed appearance, sorrowful

• उच्चस्य (uccasya) - of the high, of the elevated, of the noble

• नीचेन (nīcena) - by the low, by the ignoble

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• संप्रयोगम् (saṁprayogam) - union, contact, association, connection

• विगर्हयन्ति (vigarhayanti) - they condemn, they censure, they blame

• स्थिरबुद्धयः (sthirabuddhayaḥ) - those of steady intellect, firm-minded people

• ये (ye) - who, those who

Words meanings and morphology

प्रत्युच्यमानः (pratyucyamānaḥ) - being spoken back to, being replied to

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratyucyamāna

pratyucyamāna - being spoken back to, being replied to

Present Passive Participle

Derived from prati + √vac (class 2) with passive ending -yamāna.

Prefix: prati

Root: √vac (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

(indeclinable)

Comparative form of bahu (much). Used adverbially.

Note: Adverb.

एभिः (ebhiḥ) - By these (ignoble individuals). (by these)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

निशाम्य (niśāmya) - having observed, having considered, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from ni + √śam (class 4) with lyap suffix.

Prefix: ni

Root: √śam (class 4)

मा (mā) - not, do not

(indeclinable)

Used with aorist or imperative to express prohibition.

Note: Prohibitive particle.

भूः (bhūḥ) - become

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist (Luṅ) of √bhū

Aorist injunctive 2nd person singular

From root √bhū (class 1).

Root: √bhū (class 1)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

अथ (atha) - then, thus, now

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a new clause or thought.

आर्तरूपः (ārtarūpaḥ) - having a distressed appearance, sorrowful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārtarūpa

ārtarūpa - having a distressed appearance, sorrowful, dejected

Compound of ārta (distressed, suffering) and rūpa (form, appearance).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (ārta+rūpa)

• ārta – distressed, afflicted, suffering
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √ṛ (to go, to move) or √ard (to pain, hurt) + kta suffix.
  Root: √ṛ / √ard
• rūpa – form, appearance, shape, nature
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies tvam.

उच्चस्य (uccasya) - of the high, of the elevated, of the noble

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ucca

ucca - high, elevated, noble, superior

From ud + ca (related to √ci - to heap up).

Note: Used as a substantive here (the one who is high).

नीचेन (nīcena) - by the low, by the ignoble

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nīca

nīca - low, inferior, ignoble, base

From ni (down) + ca.

Note: Used as a substantive here (the one who is low).

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

संप्रयोगम् (saṁprayogam) - union, contact, association, connection

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃprayoga

saṁprayoga - union, contact, association, connection, application, employment

From sam + pra + √yuj (class 7) (to join, connect).

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: √yuj (class 7)

विगर्हयन्ति (vigarhayanti) - they condemn, they censure, they blame

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (Laṭ) of √vigarh

Present active 3rd person plural

Denominative from vigarhā (censure) or derived from vi + √garh (to blame).

Prefix: vi

Root: √garh (class 1)

स्थिरबुद्धयः (sthirabuddhayaḥ) - those of steady intellect, firm-minded people

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sthirabuddhi

sthirabuddhi - of steady intellect, firm-minded

Bahuvrīhi compound: sthirā buddhiḥ yasya saḥ (he whose intellect is steady).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sthira+buddhi)

• sthira – steady, firm, stable, constant
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √sthā (to stand).
  Root: √sthā (class 1)
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, discernment, perception
  noun (feminine)
  From root √budh (to know, perceive).
  Root: √budh (class 1)

Note: Used as a substantive.

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.