महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-115, verse-10

यस्यावाच्यं न लोकेऽस्ति नाकार्यं वापि किंचन ।
वाचं तेन न संदध्याच्छुचिः संक्लिष्टकर्मणा ॥१०॥

10. yasyāvācyaṁ na loke'sti nākāryaṁ vāpi kiṁcana ,
vācaṁ tena na saṁdadhyācchuciḥ saṁkliṣṭakarmaṇā.

10. yasya avācyam na loke asti na akāryam vā api kiṃcana
vācam tena na saṃdadhyāt śuciḥ saṃkliṣṭakarmaṇā

10. śuciḥ yasya loke avācyam na asti vā api kiṃcana na
akāryam (asti) tena saṃkliṣṭakarmaṇā vācam na saṃdadhyāt

10. A pure person should not engage in conversation with someone for whom there is nothing improper to say or improper to do in this world, and whose actions are consequently defiled.

Words meanings summery:

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, for whom, of whom

• अवाच्यम् (avācyam) - something improper to say (not to be spoken, improper speech, unspeakable)

• न (na) - not, no

• लोके (loke) - in the world, in society, among people

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• न (na) - not, no

• अकार्यम् (akāryam) - something improper to do (not to be done, improper action, undone)

• वा (vā) - or, either

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• किंचन (kiṁcana) - anything, whatsoever

• वाचम् (vācam) - speech, word, voice

• तेन (tena) - with him, by him, with that

• न (na) - not, no

• संदध्यात् (saṁdadhyāt) - should converse, should engage in speech (should make contact, should connect, should unite, should converse)

• शुचिः (śuciḥ) - a morally pure person (pure, clean, holy, virtuous)

• संक्लिष्टकर्मणा (saṁkliṣṭakarmaṇā) - by one whose actions are defiled/tainted/corrupted

Words meanings and morphology

यस्य (yasya) - whose, for whom, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: relative pronoun, referring to the person described

अवाच्यम् (avācyam) - something improper to say (not to be spoken, improper speech, unspeakable)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avācya

avācya - not to be spoken, improper, censurable

Gerundive

negation 'a-' + root 'vac' (to speak) + suffix '-ya' (gerundive)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vācya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• vācya – to be spoken, speakable
  adjective
  Gerundive
  root 'vac' (to speak) + suffix '-ya' (gerundive)
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: used substantively

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: negation

लोके (loke) - in the world, in society, among people

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people, society

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: negation

अकार्यम् (akāryam) - something improper to do (not to be done, improper action, undone)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of akārya

akārya - not to be done, improper, unfit

Gerundive

negation 'a-' + root 'kṛ' (to do) + suffix '-ya' (gerundive)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kārya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• kārya – to be done, duty, action
  adjective
  Gerundive
  root 'kṛ' (to do) + suffix '-ya' (gerundive)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: used substantively

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

Note: conjunction

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

Note: particle emphasizing 'vā' ('or even')

किंचन (kiṁcana) - anything, whatsoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kiṃcana

kiṁcana - anything, whatsoever

वाचम् (vācam) - speech, word, voice

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, word, voice

Note: object of saṃdadhyāt

तेन (tena) - with him, by him, with that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: refers to the person previously described by yasya

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: negation

संदध्यात् (saṁdadhyāt) - should converse, should engage in speech (should make contact, should connect, should unite, should converse)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of saṃ-dhā

Prefix: sam

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: The prefix sam- implies 'together' or 'completely', hence 'to put together (words)', 'to converse'.

शुचिः (śuciḥ) - a morally pure person (pure, clean, holy, virtuous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuci

śuci - pure, clean, bright, virtuous, holy

Note: used substantively as 'a pure person'

संक्लिष्टकर्मणा (saṁkliṣṭakarmaṇā) - by one whose actions are defiled/tainted/corrupted

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of saṃkliṣṭakarman

saṁkliṣṭakarman - one whose actions (karma) are stained or corrupted

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saṃkliṣṭa+karman)

• saṃkliṣṭa – stained, defiled, corrupted, troubled
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  prefix 'sam-' + root 'kliś' (to suffer, trouble) + suffix '-ta' (PPP)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kliś (class 4)
• karman – action, deed, work (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  root 'kṛ' (to do) + suffix '-man'
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: agrees with 'tena' (instrumental singular)