महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-113, verse-15

स हत्वा भक्षयित्वा च जम्बुकोष्ट्रं ततस्तदा ।
विगते वातवर्षे च निश्चक्राम गुहामुखात् ॥१५॥

15. sa hatvā bhakṣayitvā ca jambukoṣṭraṁ tatastadā ,
vigate vātavarṣe ca niścakrāma guhāmukhāt.

15. saḥ hatvā bhakṣayitvā ca jambukoṣṭram tataḥ
tadā vigate vātavarṣe ca niścakrāma guhāmukhāt

15. saḥ jambukoṣṭram hatvā ca bhakṣayitvā tataḥ
tadā vigate vātavarṣe ca guhāmukhāt niścakrāma

15. Having killed and eaten the camel (uṣṭra), the jackal then emerged from the cave's entrance once the wind and rain had subsided.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to the jackal. (he, that)

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, after killing

• भक्षयित्वा (bhakṣayitvā) - having eaten, after eating

• च (ca) - Connects `hatvā` and `bhakṣayitvā`. (and)

• जम्बुकोष्ट्रम् (jambukoṣṭram) - The camel that was killed and eaten by the jackal. (the jackal's camel, the camel for the jackal)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that place

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• विगते (vigate) - having passed, having subsided, ended

• वातवर्षे (vātavarṣe) - When the period of wind and rain had passed. (in the wind and rain)

• च (ca) - Connects the preceding clause to the main clause. (and)

• निश्चक्राम (niścakrāma) - he came out, he emerged

• गुहामुखात् (guhāmukhāt) - from the mouth of the cave, from the cave entrance

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Refers to the jackal. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of the main verb `niścakrāma`.

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, after killing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from √han (to strike, to kill) with suffix -tvā.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used to describe an action completed before the main verb.

भक्षयित्वा (bhakṣayitvā) - having eaten, after eating

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from √bhakṣ (to eat) with suffix -tvā.

Root: bhakṣ (class 10)

Note: Used to describe an action completed before the main verb.

च (ca) - Connects `hatvā` and `bhakṣayitvā`. (and)

(indeclinable)

जम्बुकोष्ट्रम् (jambukoṣṭram) - The camel that was killed and eaten by the jackal. (the jackal's camel, the camel for the jackal)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jambukoṣṭra

jambukoṣṭra - camel for the jackal, jackal's camel

Compound type : tatpurusha (jambuka+uṣṭra)

• jambuka – jackal
  noun (masculine)
• uṣṭra – camel
  noun (masculine)

Note: Direct object of `hatvā` and `bhakṣayitvā`.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that place

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Note: Reinforces `tataḥ`.

विगते (vigate) - having passed, having subsided, ended

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of vigata

vigata - gone, passed away, disappeared, subsided

Past Passive Participle

Derived from vi-√gam (to go away, to subside)

Prefix: vi

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction with `vātavarṣe`.

वातवर्षे (vātavarṣe) - When the period of wind and rain had passed. (in the wind and rain)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vātavarṣa

vātavarṣa - wind and rain

Compound type : dvandva (vāta+varṣa)

• vāta – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, rainy season, year
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction with `vigate`.

च (ca) - Connects the preceding clause to the main clause. (and)

(indeclinable)

निश्चक्राम (niścakrāma) - he came out, he emerged

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of kram

Perfect Active Voice

3rd person singular, parasmaipada, root kram (1st class) with prefix nis-

Prefix: nis

Root: kram (class 1)

गुहामुखात् (guhāmukhāt) - from the mouth of the cave, from the cave entrance

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of guhāmukha

guhāmukha - mouth of a cave, cave entrance

Compound type : tatpurusha (guhā+mukha)

• guhā – cave, cavern
  noun (feminine)
• mukha – mouth, face, entrance, opening
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates the point of departure.