महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-110, verse-18

प्राणात्यये विवाहे च वक्तव्यमनृतं भवेत् ।
अर्थस्य रक्षणार्थाय परेषां धर्मकारणात् ।
परेषां धर्ममाकाङ्क्षन्नीचः स्याद्धर्मभिक्षुकः ॥१८॥

18. prāṇātyaye vivāhe ca vaktavyamanṛtaṁ bhavet ,
arthasya rakṣaṇārthāya pareṣāṁ dharmakāraṇāt ,
pareṣāṁ dharmamākāṅkṣannīcaḥ syāddharmabhikṣukaḥ.

18. prāṇātyaye vivāhe ca vaktavyam anṛtam
bhavet arthasya rakṣaṇārthāya
pareṣām dharmakāraṇāt pareṣām dharmam
ākaṅkṣan nīcaḥ syāt dharmabhikṣukaḥ

18. prāṇātyaye vivāhe ca arthasya
rakṣaṇārthāya pareṣām dharmakāraṇāt anṛtam
vaktavyam bhavet pareṣām dharmam
ākaṅkṣan nīcaḥ dharmabhikṣukaḥ syāt

18. One may speak an untruth in a life-threatening situation, in marriage, for the protection of property, or for the sake of another's intrinsic nature (dharma). However, one who desires the intrinsic nature (dharma) of others would be a low person, a beggar of intrinsic nature (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• प्राणात्यये (prāṇātyaye) - when life is in danger (in a life-threatening situation, at the destruction of life, in extreme danger)

• विवाहे (vivāhe) - in marriage (in marriage, at a wedding)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) - should be spoken (what should be said, that which is to be spoken, ought to be spoken)

• अनृतम् (anṛtam) - an untruth (untruch, falsehood, lie)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may be (may be, should be, might occur)

• अर्थस्य (arthasya) - of property (of purpose, of meaning, of wealth, of object, of interest)

• रक्षणार्थाय (rakṣaṇārthāya) - for the protection (for the purpose of protection, for the sake of defending)

• परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of others' (of others, of enemies)

• धर्मकारणात् (dharmakāraṇāt) - for the sake of (their) intrinsic nature (dharma) (due to a righteous cause, for the sake of dharma, on account of dharma)

• परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of others' (of others, of enemies)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - the intrinsic nature (dharma) (constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty)

• आकङ्क्षन् (ākaṅkṣan) - desiring (desiring, wishing for, coveting)

• नीचः (nīcaḥ) - a low person (low, base, vile, mean, despicable person)

• स्यात् (syāt) - would be (may be, should be, would be)

• धर्मभिक्षुकः (dharmabhikṣukaḥ) - a beggar of intrinsic nature (dharma) (beggar of dharma, one who begs for dharma)

Words meanings and morphology

प्राणात्यये (prāṇātyaye) - when life is in danger (in a life-threatening situation, at the destruction of life, in extreme danger)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of prāṇātyaya

prāṇātyaya - extreme danger to life, destruction of life, loss of breath

Compound type : tatpurusha (prāṇa+atyaya)

• prāṇa – life, breath, vital air
  noun (masculine)
• atyaya – going beyond, transgression, expiration, passing away, destruction, danger
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ati
  Root: i (class 2)

विवाहे (vivāhe) - in marriage (in marriage, at a wedding)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vivāha

vivāha - marriage, wedding

From vi-vah (to carry, to marry)

Prefix: vi

Root: vah (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) - should be spoken (what should be said, that which is to be spoken, ought to be spoken)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of vaktavya

vaktavya - to be spoken, proper to be said

Gerundive (Passive Future Participle)

Root vac + tavya pratyaya

Root: vac (class 2)

अनृतम् (anṛtam) - an untruth (untruch, falsehood, lie)

(noun)

neuter, singular of anṛta

anṛta - untruth, false, not truth

negative prefix a + ṛta

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ṛta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• ṛta – truth, cosmic order, right
  noun (neuter)

भवेत् (bhavet) - may be (may be, should be, might occur)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū

Optative mood, 3rd person singular

From root bhū, present stem bhava, optative form.

Root: bhū (class 1)

अर्थस्य (arthasya) - of property (of purpose, of meaning, of wealth, of object, of interest)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, object, meaning, wealth, property, interest

रक्षणार्थाय (rakṣaṇārthāya) - for the protection (for the purpose of protection, for the sake of defending)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of rakṣaṇārtha

rakṣaṇārtha - for the sake of protection

Formed from rakṣaṇa (protection) + artha (purpose)

Compound type : tatpurusha (rakṣaṇa+artha)

• rakṣaṇa – protection, guarding
  noun (neuter)
  root rakṣ + ana (noun suffix)
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, object, meaning, wealth, property
  noun (masculine)

परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of others' (of others, of enemies)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, different, subsequent, supreme

धर्मकारणात् (dharmakāraṇāt) - for the sake of (their) intrinsic nature (dharma) (due to a righteous cause, for the sake of dharma, on account of dharma)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of dharmakāraṇa

dharmakāraṇa - a righteous cause, reason for dharma

Formed from dharma (constitution/righteousness) + kāraṇa (cause/reason)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+kāraṇa)

• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
• kāraṇa – cause, reason, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  root kṛ + ana
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of others' (of others, of enemies)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, different, subsequent, supreme

धर्मम् (dharmam) - the intrinsic nature (dharma) (constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, religious merit

Root dhṛ + man

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

आकङ्क्षन् (ākaṅkṣan) - desiring (desiring, wishing for, coveting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ākaṅkṣat

ākaṅkṣat - desiring, longing for

Present Active Participle

From root kaṅkṣ + śatṛ pratyaya, with upasarga ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: kaṅkṣ (class 1)

नीचः (nīcaḥ) - a low person (low, base, vile, mean, despicable person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nīca

nīca - low, inferior, base, vile, humble, a despicable person

स्यात् (syāt) - would be (may be, should be, would be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of as

Optative mood, 3rd person singular

From root as, optative form.

Root: as (class 2)

धर्मभिक्षुकः (dharmabhikṣukaḥ) - a beggar of intrinsic nature (dharma) (beggar of dharma, one who begs for dharma)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmabhikṣuka

dharmabhikṣuka - beggar of dharma, one who lives by begging dharma

Formed from dharma (dharma) + bhikṣuka (beggar)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+bhikṣuka)

• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
• bhikṣuka – beggar, mendicant
  noun (masculine)
  root bhikṣ + uka
  Root: bhikṣ (class 1)