महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-13, verse-12

home » Scriptures Library » Mahabharata

View complete chapter

स तेषां प्रेक्षतामेव श्रीमतां दृढधन्विनाम् ।
ययौ भागिरथीकच्छं हरिभिर्भृशवेगितैः ।
यत्र स्म श्रूयते द्रौणिः पुत्रहन्ता महात्मनाम् ॥१२॥

12. sa teṣāṁ prekṣatāmeva śrīmatāṁ dṛḍhadhanvinām ,
yayau bhāgirathīkacchaṁ haribhirbhṛśavegitaiḥ ,
yatra sma śrūyate drauṇiḥ putrahantā mahātmanām.

12. sa teṣām prekṣatām eva śrīmatām
dṛḍhadhanvinām yayau bhāgīrathīkaccham
haribhiḥ bhṛśavegitaiḥ yatra sma
śrūyate drauṇiḥ putrahantā mahātmanām

12. sa teṣām śrīmatām dṛḍhadhanvinām
prekṣatām eva bhāgīrathīkaccham
bhṛśavegitaiḥ haribhiḥ yayau yatra drauṇiḥ
putrahantā mahātmanām sma śrūyate

12. While those glorious, strong-bowed warriors merely watched, he (Arjuna) went to the banks of the Ganges, carried by exceedingly swift horses. It was there that Droṇa's son (Drauṇi), the killer of the great-souled ones' (Pāṇḍavas') sons, was said to be.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

स (sa) - he (Arjuna) (he, that)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (great charioteers from the previous verse) (of them, their)

प्रेक्षताम् (prekṣatām) - of those (warriors) who were watching (of those who were looking on, of those watching)

एव (eva) - even (while) (even, only, just)

श्रीमताम् (śrīmatām) - of those glorious (warriors) (of the glorious, of the fortunate)

दृढधन्विनाम् (dṛḍhadhanvinām) - of those strong-bowed (warriors) (of the firm-bowed, of the strong archers)

ययौ (yayau) - he went

भागीरथीकच्छम् (bhāgīrathīkaccham) - to the banks of the river Ganges (to the bank of the Ganges)

हरिभिः (haribhiḥ) - by horses (by horses, by tawny-colored ones)

भृशवेगितैः (bhṛśavegitaiḥ) - by the exceedingly swift (horses) (by the very swift, by those with great speed)

यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which place)

स्म (sma) - was (used with śrūyate to indicate past event) ((particle, often with present tense verb to indicate past))

श्रूयते (śrūyate) - it was heard (it is heard, he is heard)

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Droṇa's son, Aśvatthāman (son of Droṇa, Aśvatthāman)

पुत्रहन्ता (putrahantā) - killer of the sons (of the Pāṇḍavas) (killer of sons)

महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of the great-souled ones (Pāṇḍavas), whose sons were killed (of the great souls, of the high-minded)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he (Arjuna) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (great charioteers from the previous verse) (of them, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the mahārathas.

प्रेक्षताम् (prekṣatām) - of those (warriors) who were watching (of those who were looking on, of those watching)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of prekṣat

prekṣat - watching, looking on

Present Active Participle (ātmanepada)

From pra-√īkṣ

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Describes teṣām, agreeing in case, number, gender.

एव (eva) - even (while) (even, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes prekṣatām.

श्रीमताम् (śrīmatām) - of those glorious (warriors) (of the glorious, of the fortunate)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śrīmat

śrīmat - glorious, splendid, prosperous, fortunate

Possessive adjective formed with matup suffix.

Note: Describes teṣām and prekṣatām.

दृढधन्विनाम् (dṛḍhadhanvinām) - of those strong-bowed (warriors) (of the firm-bowed, of the strong archers)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dṛḍhadhanvin

dṛḍhadhanvin - firm-bowed, strong archer

Derived from dṛḍha (firm) and dhanvin (having a bow). in suffix.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dṛḍha+dhanvin)

dṛḍha – firm, strong, solid
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From √dṛh
Root: dṛh (class 1)
dhanvin – having a bow, archer
noun/adjective (masculine)
From dhanus (bow) with ini suffix.

Note: Describes teṣām and prekṣatām.

ययौ (yayau) - he went

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of yā

Perfect (liṭ), 3rd person singular

Reduplication of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

भागीरथीकच्छम् (bhāgīrathīkaccham) - to the banks of the river Ganges (to the bank of the Ganges)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāgīrathīkaccha

bhāgīrathīkaccha - bank of the Ganges

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhāgīrathī+kaccha)

bhāgīrathī – the Ganges river (daughter of Bhagīratha)
proper noun (feminine)
Feminine of bhāgīratha
kaccha – bank, shore, marshy land
noun (masculine)

Note: Object of motion for yayau.

हरिभिः (haribhiḥ) - by horses (by horses, by tawny-colored ones)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of hari

hari - horse, lion, sun, Viṣṇu, tawny, yellowish

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Instrument of travel.

भृशवेगितैः (bhṛśavegitaiḥ) - by the exceedingly swift (horses) (by the very swift, by those with great speed)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhṛśavegita

bhṛśavegita - very swift, greatly quickened

From bhṛśa (very) and vegita (made swift).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bhṛśa+vegita)

bhṛśa – very, greatly, exceedingly
indeclinable
Root: bhṛś (class 1)
vegita – quickened, made swift, propelled
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From vega (speed) with ita suffix or causal of √vij.
Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Describes haribhiḥ.

यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which place)

(indeclinable)

स्म (sma) - was (used with śrūyate to indicate past event) ((particle, often with present tense verb to indicate past))

(indeclinable)

Note: Transforms śrūyate (present passive) into a past passive sense.

श्रूयते (śrūyate) - it was heard (it is heard, he is heard)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of śru

Present, 3rd person singular

śru + ya (passive sign) + te (3rd sing. mid.)

Root: śru (class 5)