महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-13, verse-7

तावुपारोप्य दाशार्हः स्यन्दनं लोकपूजितम् ।
प्रतोदेन जवोपेतान्परमाश्वानचोदयत् ॥७॥

7. tāvupāropya dāśārhaḥ syandanaṁ lokapūjitam ,
pratodena javopetānparamāśvānacodayat.

7. tau upāropya dāśārhaḥ syandanam lokapūjitam
pratodena javopetān parama-aśvān acodayat

7. dāśārhaḥ lokapūjitam syandanam tau upāropya
pratodena javopetān parama-aśvān acodayat

7. The descendant of Daśārha (Krishna), having seated those two upon the world-honored chariot, urged on the exceedingly swift horses with a goad.

Words meanings summery:

• तौ (tau) - those two

• उपारोप्य (upāropya) - having made to ascend, having seated

• दाशार्हः (dāśārhaḥ) - Krishna (descendant of Daśārha)

• स्यन्दनम् (syandanam) - chariot

• लोकपूजितम् (lokapūjitam) - revered by the world, honored by people

• प्रतोदेन (pratodena) - with a goad

• जवोपेतान् (javopetān) - endowed with speed, swift

• परम-अश्वान् (parama-aśvān) - excellent horses, supreme horses

• अचोदयत् (acodayat) - he urged, he drove, he impelled

Words meanings and morphology

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, this

उपारोप्य (upāropya) - having made to ascend, having seated

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

root ruh (to ascend) with upasarga upa and ā, causative, then suffix -ya for absolutive.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

दाशार्हः (dāśārhaḥ) - Krishna (descendant of Daśārha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dāśārha

dāśārha - a descendant of Daśārha (an ancient king)

स्यन्दनम् (syandanam) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of syandana

syandana - chariot, flowing, moving

Root: syand (class 1)

लोकपूजितम् (lokapūjitam) - revered by the world, honored by people

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of lokapūjita

lokapūjita - revered by the world, honored by people

Compound type : instrumental tatpurusha (loka+pūjita)

• loka – world, people
  noun (masculine)
• pūjita – honored, worshipped
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  root pūj + kta suffix
  Root: pūj (class 10)

प्रतोदेन (pratodena) - with a goad

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pratoda

pratoda - goad, whip, spur

from root tud (to pierce, to push) with pra- prefix

Prefix: pra

Root: tud (class 6)

जवोपेतान् (javopetān) - endowed with speed, swift

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of javopeta

javopeta - endowed with speed, swift

Compound type : instrumental tatpurusha (java+upeta)

• java – speed, swiftness, velocity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jū (class 1)
• upeta – endowed with, possessed of, approached
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  root iṇ (to go) with upa- prefix + kta suffix
  Prefix: upa
  Root: iṇ (class 2)

परम-अश्वान् (parama-aśvān) - excellent horses, supreme horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of parama-aśva

parama-aśva - excellent horse, supreme horse

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+aśva)

• parama – supreme, excellent, highest
  adjective (masculine)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

अचोदयत् (acodayat) - he urged, he drove, he impelled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of cud

Imperfect third person singular causative

root cud (class 10), causative form codaya, imperfect (laṅ).

Root: cud (class 10)