महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-84, verse-2

अहं हि पूर्वो वयसा भवद्भ्यस्तेनाभिवादं भवतां न प्रयुञ्जे ।
यो विद्यया तपसा जन्मना वा वृद्धः स पूज्यो भवति द्विजानाम् ॥२॥

2. ahaṁ hi pūrvo vayasā bhavadbhya;stenābhivādaṁ bhavatāṁ na prayuñje ,
yo vidyayā tapasā janmanā vā; vṛddhaḥ sa pūjyo bhavati dvijānām.

2. aham hi pūrvaḥ vayasā bhavadbhyaḥ
tena abhivādam bhavatām na prayuñje
| yaḥ vidyayā tapasā janmanā vā
vṛddhaḥ saḥ pūjyaḥ bhavati dvijānām

2. “Indeed, I am older than you in age; therefore, I do not offer salutations to you. Among the dvijas, he who is revered is one who is old either by knowledge, by tapas (asceticism), or by noble birth.”

Words meanings summery:

• अहम् (aham) - I

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• पूर्वः (pūrvaḥ) - older (prior, earlier, older)

• वयसा (vayasā) - by age

• भवद्भ्यः (bhavadbhyaḥ) - than you (honorific plural) (from you (honorific plural))

• तेन (tena) - therefore (by that, therefore)

• अभिवादम् (abhivādam) - salutations (salutation, reverence)

• भवताम् (bhavatām) - to you (honorific plural) (of you (honorific plural))

• न (na) - not

• प्रयुञ्जे (prayuñje) - I offer (I offer, I use, I employ)

• यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, he who)

• विद्यया (vidyayā) - by knowledge (by knowledge, by learning)

• तपसा (tapasā) - by tapas (asceticism) (by tapas, by asceticism)

• जन्मना (janmanā) - by (noble) birth (by birth, by origin)

• वा (vā) - or

• वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old (and therefore revered) (old, aged, grown, revered)

• सः (saḥ) - he

• पूज्यः (pūjyaḥ) - worthy of veneration (worthy of worship, venerable)

• भवति (bhavati) - he is (he becomes, he is)

• द्विजानाम् (dvijānām) - among the dvijas (twice-born) (of the twice-born)

Words meanings and morphology

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

पूर्वः (pūrvaḥ) - older (prior, earlier, older)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pūrva

pūrva - former, prior, earlier, older

वयसा (vayasā) - by age

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vayas

vayas - age, youth, vigor

भवद्भ्यः (bhavadbhyaḥ) - than you (honorific plural) (from you (honorific plural))

(pronoun)

Ablative, plural of bhavat

bhavat - you (honorific), Sir

Present Active Participle

from root bhū (to be)

Root: bhū (class 1)

तेन (tena) - therefore (by that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अभिवादम् (abhivādam) - salutations (salutation, reverence)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhivāda

abhivāda - salutation, reverence, greeting

from abhi-vad (to speak to, salute)

Prefix: abhi

Root: vad (class 1)

भवताम् (bhavatām) - to you (honorific plural) (of you (honorific plural))

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of bhavat

bhavat - you (honorific), Sir

Present Active Participle

from root bhū (to be)

Root: bhū (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

प्रयुञ्जे (prayuñje) - I offer (I offer, I use, I employ)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of prabhū

Present middle

1st person singular, Present tense, Ātmanepada (with prefix pra)

Prefix: pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, he who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

विद्यया (vidyayā) - by knowledge (by knowledge, by learning)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vidyā

vidyā - knowledge, learning, science

तपसा (tapasā) - by tapas (asceticism) (by tapas, by asceticism)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, asceticism, penance, spiritual austerity

जन्मना (janmanā) - by (noble) birth (by birth, by origin)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of janman

janman - birth, origin, existence, life

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old (and therefore revered) (old, aged, grown, revered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, augmented, revered, wise

Past Passive Participle

from root vṛdh (to grow, increase)

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पूज्यः (pūjyaḥ) - worthy of veneration (worthy of worship, venerable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pūjya

pūjya - worthy of worship, venerable, respectable, adorable

Gerundive

from root pūj (to worship, honor)

Root: pūj (class 1)

भवति (bhavati) - he is (he becomes, he is)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present active

3rd person singular, Present tense, Parasmaipada

Root: bhū (class 1)

द्विजानाम् (dvijānām) - among the dvijas (twice-born) (of the twice-born)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dvija

dvija - twice-born (a Brahmin, Kshatriya, or Vaishya), bird, tooth

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two, twice
  numeral
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  suffix for 'born'
  Root: jan (class 4)