महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-84, verse-13

ययातिरुवाच ।
राजाहमासमिह सार्वभौमस्ततो लोकान्महतो अजयं वै ।
तत्रावसं वर्षसहस्रमात्रं ततो लोकं परमस्म्यभ्युपेतः ॥१३॥

13. yayātiruvāca ,
rājāhamāsamiha sārvabhauma;stato lokānmahato ajayaṁ vai ,
tatrāvasaṁ varṣasahasramātraṁ; tato lokaṁ paramasmyabhyupetaḥ.

13. yayātiḥ uvāca rājā aham āsam iha
sārvabhaumaḥ tataḥ lokān mahataḥ ajayam
vai tatra avasam varṣasahasramātram
tataḥ lokam param asmi abhyupetaḥ

13. Yayāti said: "Here on earth, I was a universal sovereign king. Then I conquered great realms. I resided there for a mere thousand years, and thereafter I ascended to a supreme realm."

Words meanings summery:

• ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - King Yayāti, the speaker of this verse (Yayāti)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• राजा (rājā) - king

• अहम् (aham) - The speaker, Yayāti (I)

• आसम् (āsam) - I was

• इह (iha) - On earth (here, in this world)

• सार्वभौमः (sārvabhaumaḥ) - universal sovereign, emperor

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• लोकान् (lokān) - worlds, realms

• महतः (mahataḥ) - great, large, vast

• अजयम् (ajayam) - I conquered, I won

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• तत्र (tatra) - In those great worlds (there, in that place)

• अवसम् (avasam) - I resided, I dwelt

• वर्षसहस्रमात्रम् (varṣasahasramātram) - for a mere thousand years, for a thousand years only

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• लोकम् (lokam) - world, realm

• परम् (param) - higher, supreme, excellent

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• अभ्युपेतः (abhyupetaḥ) - attained, approached, arrived at

Words meanings and morphology

ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - King Yayāti, the speaker of this verse (Yayāti)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yayāti

yayāti - A proper name (of an ancient king)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

अहम् (aham) - The speaker, Yayāti (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

आसम् (āsam) - I was

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

इह (iha) - On earth (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

सार्वभौमः (sārvabhaumaḥ) - universal sovereign, emperor

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sārvabhauma

sārvabhauma - universal sovereign, emperor, ruling the whole earth, paramount

Derived from 'sarvabhūmi' (all earth)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

लोकान् (lokān) - worlds, realms

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, space, people, vision

महतः (mahataḥ) - great, large, vast

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, noble, mighty

Note: Agrees with 'lokān'

अजयम् (ajayam) - I conquered, I won

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of ji

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: The initial 'a' is an augment for the imperfect tense, not an upasarga.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - In those great worlds (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

अवसम् (avasam) - I resided, I dwelt

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of vas

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: The initial 'a' is an augment for the imperfect tense, not an upasarga.

वर्षसहस्रमात्रम् (varṣasahasramātram) - for a mere thousand years, for a thousand years only

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of varṣasahasramātra

varṣasahasramātra - a thousand years only/approximately, a period of one thousand years

Compound type : descriptive (varṣa+sahasra+mātra)

• varṣa – year, rain
  noun (neuter)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)
• mātra – measure, quantity, only, merely, as much as
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Denotes duration of time.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

लोकम् (lokam) - world, realm

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, space, people, vision

परम् (param) - higher, supreme, excellent

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of para

para - other, higher, supreme, ultimate, excellent, distant

Note: Agrees with 'lokam'

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

अभ्युपेतः (abhyupetaḥ) - attained, approached, arrived at

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhyupeta

abhyupeta - approached, attained, gone near, accepted, arrived at

Past Passive Participle

From upasargas 'abhi' + 'upa' + root 'i'

Prefixes: abhi+upa

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with implied 'aham' (I)