महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-195, verse-8

मधुरेणैव राज्यस्य तेषामर्धं प्रदीयताम् ।
एतद्धि पुरुषव्याघ्र हितं सर्वजनस्य च ॥८॥

8. madhureṇaiva rājyasya teṣāmardhaṁ pradīyatām ,
etaddhi puruṣavyāghra hitaṁ sarvajanasya ca.

8. madhureṇa eva rājyasya teṣām ardham pradīyatām
etat hi puruṣavyāghra hitam sarvajanasya ca

8. Therefore, half of the kingdom should be given to them amicably. For this, O tiger among men, is indeed beneficial for all people.

Words meanings summery:

• मधुरेण (madhureṇa) - by sweetness, sweetly, amicably

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• राज्यस्य (rājyasya) - of the kingdom

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - to the Pāṇḍavas (of them, to them)

• अर्धम् (ardham) - half, part

• प्रदीयताम् (pradīyatām) - let it be given, it should be given

• एतत् (etat) - this

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

• पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - O Duryodhana (O tiger among men, O best of men)

• हितम् (hitam) - beneficial, good, welfare

• सर्वजनस्य (sarvajanasya) - of all people, of the entire population

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

मधुरेण (madhureṇa) - by sweetness, sweetly, amicably

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of madhura

madhura - sweet, pleasant, charming, gentle

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

राज्यस्य (rājyasya) - of the kingdom

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, reign

तेषाम् (teṣām) - to the Pāṇḍavas (of them, to them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अर्धम् (ardham) - half, part

(noun)

neuter, singular of ardha

ardha - half, part, portion

प्रदीयताम् (pradīyatām) - let it be given, it should be given

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present imperative/optative (loṭ) of pradīya

Present Passive Imperative/Optative

Root dā (to give) with prefix pra, passive voice, 3rd person singular

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this here

हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

(indeclinable)

पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - O Duryodhana (O tiger among men, O best of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - tiger among men, best of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, person, male, puruṣa
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

हितम् (hitam) - beneficial, good, welfare

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, good, salutary, welfare, benefit

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √dhā (to place, put) with prefix hi (which is 'h', a shortened form of 'dha' or 'dhā' in certain contexts)

Root: dhā (class 3)

सर्वजनस्य (sarvajanasya) - of all people, of the entire population

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sarvajana

sarvajana - all people, the whole population

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+jana)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective
• jana – person, man, people
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)