महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-159, verse-14

यस्तु स्यात्क्षत्रियः कश्चित्कामवृत्तः परंतप ।
नक्तं च युधि युध्येत न स जीवेत्कथंचन ॥१४॥

14. yastu syātkṣatriyaḥ kaścitkāmavṛttaḥ paraṁtapa ,
naktaṁ ca yudhi yudhyeta na sa jīvetkathaṁcana.

14. yaḥ tu syāt kṣatriyaḥ kaścit kāma-vṛttaḥ paraṃ-tapa
| naktaṃ ca yudhi yudhyeta na saḥ jīvet kathaṃcana

14. But any warrior (kṣatriya), O tormentor of foes, who acts according to his desires and fights at night in battle, will certainly not survive.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever, which

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• स्यात् (syāt) - may be, let it be, should be

• क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a warrior, a member of the warrior class

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - someone, any, certain

• काम-वृत्तः (kāma-vṛttaḥ) - acting as he pleases, self-willed, licentious

• परं-तप (paraṁ-tapa) - O Arjuna (O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies)

• नक्तं (naktaṁ) - at night

• च (ca) - and

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

• युध्येत (yudhyeta) - he would fight, he should fight

• न (na) - not

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• जीवेत् (jīvet) - he would live, he should live

• कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - certainly not (when used with 'na') (by any means, somehow or other)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

स्यात् (syāt) - may be, let it be, should be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a warrior, a member of the warrior class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - a member of the warrior or ruling class, a warrior

कश्चित् (kaścit) - someone, any, certain

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - someone, anyone, a certain (one)

indefinite pronoun, combination of kim + cid

काम-वृत्तः (kāma-vṛttaḥ) - acting as he pleases, self-willed, licentious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāma-vṛtta

kāma-vṛtta - acting according to one's desire, self-willed, licentious

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kāma+vṛtta)

• kāma – desire, wish, will
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• vṛtta – conduct, course of action, behaved
  noun (neuter)
  past passive participle
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

परं-तप (paraṁ-tapa) - O Arjuna (O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṃ-tapa

paraṁ-tapa - tormenting foes, subduing enemies

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (para+tapa)

• para – enemy, other, alien
  noun (masculine)
• tapa – tormenting, heating, afflicting
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun from root tap
  Root: tap (class 1)

नक्तं (naktaṁ) - at night

(indeclinable)

used adverbially (accusative or locative singular neuter)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

युध्येत (yudhyeta) - he would fight, he should fight

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

जीवेत् (jīvet) - he would live, he should live

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of jīv

Root: jīv (class 1)

कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - certainly not (when used with 'na') (by any means, somehow or other)

(indeclinable)

Compound of katham (how) and cana (even)