महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-136, verse-7

निषादी पञ्चपुत्रा तु तस्मिन्भोज्ये यदृच्छया ।
अन्नार्थिनी समभ्यागात्सपुत्रा कालचोदिता ॥७॥

7. niṣādī pañcaputrā tu tasminbhojye yadṛcchayā ,
annārthinī samabhyāgātsaputrā kālacoditā.

7. niṣādī pañcaputrā tu tasmin bhojye yadṛcchayā
annārthinī samabhyāgāt saputrā kālacoditā

7. However, a Niṣāda woman with five sons, craving food, happened to arrive at that feast, driven by fate.

Words meanings summery:

• निषादी (niṣādī) - a Niṣāda woman

• पञ्चपुत्रा (pañcaputrā) - having five sons

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, on that

• भोज्ये (bhojye) - in the meal, in the feast

• यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, accidentally, spontaneously

• अन्नार्थिनी (annārthinī) - desiring food, seeking food

• समभ्यागात् (samabhyāgāt) - she came, she arrived

• सपुत्रा (saputrā) - with her sons

• कालचोदिता (kālacoditā) - impelled by fate/time

Words meanings and morphology

निषादी (niṣādī) - a Niṣāda woman

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of niṣādī

niṣādī - a woman of the Niṣāda caste/tribe (traditionally hunters, forest dwellers, considered low caste)

feminine form of niṣāda

Root: sad (class 1)

पञ्चपुत्रा (pañcaputrā) - having five sons

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pañcaputrā

pañcaputra - having five sons, with five sons

feminine form of pañcaputra

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pañcan+putra)

• pañcan – five
  indeclinable
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pu (class 1)

Note: Agrees with niṣādī.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, on that

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, those (pronoun/adjective)

Note: Agrees with bhojye.

भोज्ये (bhojye) - in the meal, in the feast

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bhojya

bhojya - to be eaten, eatable, food, meal, feast

gerundive

derived from root bhuj with suffix -ya

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Refers to the 'brāhmaṇabhojana' from the previous verse.

यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, accidentally, spontaneously

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yadṛcchā

yadṛcchā - own will, spontaneity, chance, accident

Note: Adverbial usage.

अन्नार्थिनी (annārthinī) - desiring food, seeking food

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of annārthinī

annārthin - desirous of food, seeking food, hungry

feminine form of annārthin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (anna+arthin)

• anna – food, rice, nourishment
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle of ad (to eat)
  Root: ad (class 2)
• arthin – seeking, desiring, supplicant
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from artha (purpose, meaning) + suffix in (possessing)
  Root: arth (class 10)

Note: Agrees with niṣādī.

समभ्यागात् (samabhyāgāt) - she came, she arrived

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of gam

sam- + abhi- + ā- + gam, 3rd person singular aorist (luṅ)

Prefixes: sam+abhi+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

सपुत्रा (saputrā) - with her sons

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saputrā

saputra - with sons, accompanied by children

feminine form of saputra

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+putra)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pu (class 1)

Note: Agrees with niṣādī.

कालचोदिता (kālacoditā) - impelled by fate/time

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kālacoditā

kālacodita - impelled by time or fate, prompted by destiny

feminine form of kālacodita

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāla+codita)

• kāla – time, fate, destiny, period
  noun (masculine)
• codita – impelled, prompted, urged, directed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root cud (to urge, impel) in causative (codaya)
  Root: cud (class 10)

Note: Agrees with niṣādī.