महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-130, verse-15

ते वयं कौरवेयाणामेतेषां च महात्मनाम् ।
कथं न वध्यतां तात गच्छेम जगतस्तथा ॥१५॥

15. te vayaṁ kauraveyāṇāmeteṣāṁ ca mahātmanām ,
kathaṁ na vadhyatāṁ tāta gacchema jagatastathā.

15. te vayam kauraveyāṇām eteṣām ca mahātmanām |
katham na vadhyatām tāta gacchema jagataḥ tathā

15. Dear one, how can we avoid slaying these Kauravas and these great souls (ātman), and indeed, the people of the world?

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - they, those

• वयम् (vayam) - we

• कौरवेयाणाम् (kauraveyāṇām) - of the Kauravas, of the descendants of Kuru

• एतेषाम् (eteṣām) - of these

• च (ca) - and, also

• महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of great souls, of great-minded ones

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• न (na) - not, no

• वध्यताम् (vadhyatām) - the state of being killed, the act of slaying

• तात (tāta) - dear one, father, son

• गच्छेम (gacchema) - may we go, may we attain, may we undertake

• जगतः (jagataḥ) - of the world, of living beings

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, and, in that way

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the implied 'we' or those involved in the conflict.

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

कौरवेयाणाम् (kauraveyāṇām) - of the Kauravas, of the descendants of Kuru

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kauraveya

kauraveya - a descendant of Kuru

Patronymic derivation from Kuru

एतेषाम् (eteṣām) - of these

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Refers to the Kauravas and Mahatmas.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of great souls, of great-minded ones

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, a great person

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to respected elders like Bhishma, Drona, etc.

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

वध्यताम् (vadhyatām) - the state of being killed, the act of slaying

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vadhyatā

vadhyatā - killability, state of being slain, deserving death, act of killing

Abstract noun from vadhyā (gerundive of root vadh)

Root: vadh

Note: Here, it implies the consequence or act of causing death.

तात (tāta) - dear one, father, son

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - dear one (a term of endearment, often used by elders to juniors, or juniors to elders), father, son

Note: A term of endearment, speaker likely addressing a senior or respected person.

गच्छेम (gacchema) - may we go, may we attain, may we undertake

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

जगतः (jagataḥ) - of the world, of living beings

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - moving, living, the world, universe, people

Present Active Participle

Derived from root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Could also be ablative singular. Context implies 'of the world' in parallel with 'of the Kauravas'.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, and, in that way

(indeclinable)