महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-120, verse-13

शरस्तम्बे च पतितं द्विधा तदभवन्नृप ।
तस्याथ मिथुनं जज्ञे गौतमस्य शरद्वतः ॥१३॥

13. śarastambe ca patitaṁ dvidhā tadabhavannṛpa ,
tasyātha mithunaṁ jajñe gautamasya śaradvataḥ.

13. śarastambe ca patitam dvidhā tat abhavat nṛpa
tasya atha mithunam jajñe gautamasya śaradvataḥ

13. O King, when that [semen] fell into a reed bush, it split into two parts. From that, a twin pair was then born to Gautama Śaradvat.

Words meanings summery:

• शरस्तम्बे (śarastambe) - in a reed-bush, in a clump of reeds

• च (ca) - and, also

• पतितम् (patitam) - fallen, dropped

• द्विधा (dvidhā) - in two ways, in two parts, doubly

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the semen droplet) (that, it)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - it became, it happened

• नृप (nṛpa) - O king

• तस्य (tasya) - of Gautama Śaradvat (of him, of that)

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

• मिथुनम् (mithunam) - a pair, twins

• जज्ञे (jajñe) - was born, originated

• गौतमस्य (gautamasya) - of the sage Gautama Śaradvat (of Gautama)

• शरद्वतः (śaradvataḥ) - of the sage Śaradvat (also called Gautama) (of Śaradvat)

Words meanings and morphology

शरस्तम्बे (śarastambe) - in a reed-bush, in a clump of reeds

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śarastamba

śarastamba - a clump of reeds, a reed-bush

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+stamba)

• śara – reed, arrow
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śṝ
• stamba – clump, bush, tuft
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पतितम् (patitam) - fallen, dropped

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of patita

patita - fallen, dropped, descended

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `pat` (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agreeing with `tat` (the implied semen droplet).

द्विधा (dvidhā) - in two ways, in two parts, doubly

(indeclinable)

Suffix `dhā` (meaning 'manner' or 'division') applied to `dvi` (two).

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the semen droplet) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to the semen droplet.

अभवत् (abhavat) - it became, it happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect third person singular active

`a-` augment + `bhav-` stem + `at` ending.

Root: bhū (class 1)

नृप (nṛpa) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

तस्य (tasya) - of Gautama Śaradvat (of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he

Note: Refers to Gautama Śaradvat.

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

मिथुनम् (mithunam) - a pair, twins

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mithuna

mithuna - a pair, a couple, twins

Note: Refers to the boy and girl born from the split.

जज्ञे (jajñe) - was born, originated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of jan

Perfect third person singular middle

Reduplicated perfect form of root `jan`, middle voice, 3rd person singular.

Root: jan (class 4)

गौतमस्य (gautamasya) - of the sage Gautama Śaradvat (of Gautama)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gautama

gautama - Gautama (a sage's name)

शरद्वतः (śaradvataḥ) - of the sage Śaradvat (also called Gautama) (of Śaradvat)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śaradvat

śaradvat - Śaradvat (a sage, also called Gautama)

Derived from `śarad` (autumn) + `matup` (possessive suffix), literally 'having autumn', but used as a proper name.

Note: Refers to the same sage Gautama.