महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-102, verse-9

नदीषु वनखण्डेषु वापीपल्वलसानुषु ।
काननेषु च रम्येषु विजह्रुर्मुदिता जनाः ॥९॥

9. nadīṣu vanakhaṇḍeṣu vāpīpalvalasānuṣu ,
kānaneṣu ca ramyeṣu vijahrurmuditā janāḥ.

9. nadīṣu vanakhaṇḍeṣu vāpīpalvalasānuṣu
kānaneṣu ca ramyeṣu vijahruḥ muditāḥ janāḥ

9. The joyous people enjoyed themselves in rivers, in forest groves, in large ponds, small pools, and plateaus, and in charming forests.

Words meanings summery:

• नदीषु (nadīṣu) - in rivers

• वनखण्डेषु (vanakhaṇḍeṣu) - in forest groves, in parts of forests

• वापीपल्वलसानुषु (vāpīpalvalasānuṣu) - in large ponds, small pools, and plateaus/slopes

• काननेषु (kānaneṣu) - in forests, in pleasure groves

• च (ca) - and, also

• रम्येषु (ramyeṣu) - in charming, in beautiful ones

• विजह्रुः (vijahruḥ) - they sported, they amused themselves, they wandered

• मुदिताः (muditāḥ) - delighted, joyous, glad

• जनाः (janāḥ) - people, persons

Words meanings and morphology

नदीषु (nadīṣu) - in rivers

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of nadī

nadī - river

Root: nad (class 1)

वनखण्डेषु (vanakhaṇḍeṣu) - in forest groves, in parts of forests

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of vanakhaṇḍa

vanakhaṇḍa - forest grove, patch of forest

Tatpurusha compound vana (forest) + khaṇḍa (piece, part, grove).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (vana+khaṇḍa)

• vana – forest, wood, grove, water
  noun (neuter)
  Root: van (class 1)
• khaṇḍa – piece, part, fragment, section, grove
  noun (neuter)
  Root: khaṇḍ (class 10)

वापीपल्वलसानुषु (vāpīpalvalasānuṣu) - in large ponds, small pools, and plateaus/slopes

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of vāpīpalvalasānu

vāpīpalvalasānu - large ponds, small pools, and plateaus

Dvandva compound of vāpī, palvala, and sānu.

Compound type : Dvandva (vāpī+palvala+sānu)

• vāpī – large pond, reservoir, tank
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vap (class 1)
• palvala – small pond, pool, marsh
  noun (neuter)
• sānu – ridge, peak, table-land, plateau, slope
  noun (masculine)
  Root: san (class 8)

काननेषु (kānaneṣu) - in forests, in pleasure groves

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of kānana

kānana - forest, grove, pleasure garden

Often considered a derivative of vana (forest).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

रम्येषु (ramyeṣu) - in charming, in beautiful ones

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of ramya

ramya - charming, delightful, beautiful, pleasant

Gerundive

From root ram (to delight, play).

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Modifies kānaneṣu.

विजह्रुः (vijahruḥ) - they sported, they amused themselves, they wandered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of hṛ

Perfect (liṭ), Parasmaipada

Perfect tense (reduplicated, 3rd plural). Prefix vi with root hṛ means "to sport, play, roam, enjoy".

Prefix: vi

Root: hṛ (class 1)

मुदिताः (muditāḥ) - delighted, joyous, glad

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mudita

mudita - delighted, glad, joyful

Past Passive Participle

From root mud (to rejoice, be glad).

Root: mud (class 1)

Note: Agrees with janāḥ.

जनाः (janāḥ) - people, persons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, man, creature, people

From root jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of vijahruḥ.