योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-53, verse-4

एतत्क्रमेण हे ब्रह्मन् वद मे वदतां वर ।
आदितः प्रतिपाद्यैव बोध्यन्ते ह्यल्पबोधिनः ॥ ४ ॥

etatkrameṇa he brahman vada me vadatāṃ vara ,
āditaḥ pratipādyaiva bodhyante hyalpabodhinaḥ 4

4. etatkrameṇa he brahman vada me vadatām vara
āditaḥ pratipādyā eva bodhyante hi alpa-bodhinaḥ

4. he brahman vadatām vara etatkrameṇa me vada hi
alpa-bodhinaḥ āditaḥ pratipādyā eva bodhyante

4. O Brahmin, best among speakers, please explain this to me in sequence. Indeed, those with little understanding are taught only by being explained from the very beginning.

4. הוי המורה המכובד, הטוב במדברים, הסבר לי את הדברים לפי סדרם; שהרי בעלי ההבנה המועטה צריכים ללמוד צעד אחר צעד מן ההתחלה.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत्क्रमेण (etatkrameṇa) - by this sequence, in this order, by this method

• हे (he) - O! (vocative particle)

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin, O holy person

• वद (vada) - speak, tell, explain

• मे (me) - to me, for me

• वदताम् (vadatām) - of those who speak, among speakers

• वर (vara) - best, excellent, superior

• आदितः (āditaḥ) - from the beginning, firstly

• प्रतिपाद्या (pratipādyā) - having been explained, to be explained, by explaining

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

• बोध्यन्ते (bodhyante) - are taught, are made to understand

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• अल्प-बोधिनः (alpa-bodhinaḥ) - those with little understanding

Words meanings and morphology

एतत्क्रमेण (etatkrameṇa) - by this sequence, in this order, by this method

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of etat-krama

etat-krama - this sequence, this order

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (etas+krama)

• etas – this, that
  pronoun (neuter)
• krama – step, order, sequence, method
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kram (class 1)

हे (he) - O! (vocative particle)

(indeclinable)

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin, O holy person

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - a Brahmin, one who knows (brahman)

वद (vada) - speak, tell, explain

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vad

Root: vad (class 1)

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

singular of mad

mad - I, me (first person pronoun)

वदताम् (vadatām) - of those who speak, among speakers

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vadat

vadat - speaking, telling, explaining

Present Active Participle

Derived from root vad (to speak) with śatṛ affix.

Root: vad (class 1)

वर (vara) - best, excellent, superior

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, superior; a boon

आदितः (āditaḥ) - from the beginning, firstly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an ablative adverb, meaning 'from the beginning'.

प्रतिपाद्या (pratipādyā) - having been explained, to be explained, by explaining

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pratipādya

pratipādya - to be explained, to be demonstrated

Gerundive (karmaṇi prayogya)

Derived from root pad (to go) with upasarga prati and suffix ṇyat.

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Used here adverbially, 'by explaining' or 'by means of explanation'.

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

(indeclinable)

बोध्यन्ते (bodhyante) - are taught, are made to understand

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (lat) of budh

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Derived from causative of budh, then passive suffix.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

अल्प-बोधिनः (alpa-bodhinaḥ) - those with little understanding

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of alpa-bodhin

alpa-bodhin - having little knowledge or understanding

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (alpa+bodhin)

• alpa – little, small, few
  adjective (masculine)
• bodhin – knowing, understanding, intelligent
  adjective (masculine)
  From root budh + ṇini suffix.
  Root: budh (class 1)

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