योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-65, verse-14

भिक्षुरेकोऽस्तिनास्तीति प्रेक्ष्य प्रातर्वदाम्यहम् ।
वाल्मीकिरुवाच ।
मुनौ चैवं कथयति बहिर्मध्याह्नडिण्डिमः ॥ १४ ॥

bhikṣureko'stināstīti prekṣya prātarvadāmyaham ,
vālmīkiruvāca ,
munau caivaṃ kathayati bahirmadhyāhnaḍiṇḍimaḥ 14

14. bhikṣuḥ ekaḥ asti na asti iti prekṣya prātaḥ vadāmi aham
vālmīkiḥ uvāca munau ca evam kathayati bahiḥ madhyāhnaḍiṇḍimaḥ

14. ekaḥ bhikṣuḥ asti na asti iti prekṣya aham prātaḥ vadāmi.
vālmīkiḥ uvāca ca munau evam kathayati bahiḥ madhyāhnaḍiṇḍimaḥ

14. 'Having observed whether that mendicant (bhikṣu) truly exists or not, I shall speak (to you) in the morning.' Valmiki said: And as the sage (Vasistha) was speaking thus, the noon drum (sound) was heard outside.

Words meanings summery:

• भिक्षुः (bhikṣuḥ) - mendicant, beggar, renunciate

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one, a certain, the one

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• न (na) - not, no

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - having seen, having observed, having perceived

• प्रातः (prātaḥ) - in the morning, early

• वदामि (vadāmi) - I speak, I will speak, I say

• अहम् (aham) - I

• वाल्मीकिः (vālmīkiḥ) - The sage Valmiki, the author of the Rāmāyaṇa, who is narrating this text. (Valmiki (a proper noun))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• मुनौ (munau) - while the sage Vasistha (in the sage, while the sage (was speaking))

• च (ca) - and, also

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• कथयति (kathayati) - speaks, narrates, tells

• बहिः (bahiḥ) - outside, externally

• मध्याह्नडिण्डिमः (madhyāhnaḍiṇḍimaḥ) - the noon drum, the drum of midday

Words meanings and morphology

भिक्षुः (bhikṣuḥ) - mendicant, beggar, renunciate

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhikṣu

bhikṣu - mendicant, ascetic, one who lives by alms

From root bhikṣ (to beg).

Root: bhikṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the "exists or not" clause.

एकः (ekaḥ) - one, a certain, the one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, alone, single

Note: Agrees with bhikṣuḥ.

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active

Root as, 3rd person singular Present Active Indicative

Root: as (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active

Root as, 3rd person singular Present Active Indicative

Root: as (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

Marks the end of a quote or thought

प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - having seen, having observed, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From root īkṣ (to see) with upasarga pra

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Connects to vadāmi aham.

प्रातः (prātaḥ) - in the morning, early

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time

Note: Specifies when the action of speaking will occur.

वदामि (vadāmi) - I speak, I will speak, I say

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vad

Present Active

Root vad, 1st person singular Present Active Indicative

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: The implied subject is aham.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I (pronoun, 1st person)

Nominative singular form of asmad

Note: Refers to Vasistha.

वाल्मीकिः (vālmīkiḥ) - The sage Valmiki, the author of the Rāmāyaṇa, who is narrating this text. (Valmiki (a proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vālmīki

vālmīki - Name of a celebrated sage, the author of the Rāmāyaṇa

Note: The narrator of the text.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root vac, 3rd person singular Perfect Active Indicative

Root: vac (class 2)

मुनौ (munau) - while the sage Vasistha (in the sage, while the sage (was speaking))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, recluse

Note: Refers to Vasistha.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects this narrative part.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Adverb of manner

Note: Modifies kathayati.

कथयति (kathayati) - speaks, narrates, tells

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kath

Present Active

Root kath (denominative from kathā), 3rd person singular Present Active Indicative

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: The subject is munau.

बहिः (bahiḥ) - outside, externally

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place

Note: Specifies the location of the drum sound.

मध्याह्नडिण्डिमः (madhyāhnaḍiṇḍimaḥ) - the noon drum, the drum of midday

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madhyāhnaḍiṇḍima

madhyāhnaḍiṇḍima - noon drum, the sound of a drum indicating midday

Compound of madhyāhna (midday) and ḍiṇḍima (drum/drum sound).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhyāhna+ḍiṇḍima)

• madhyāhna – midday, noon
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of madhya (middle) and ahna (day, from ahan).
• ḍiṇḍima – a kind of drum, a drum sound
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of an implied verb "was heard" or "sounded".

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