योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-25, verse-14

कष्टं चिरतरं कालमनर्थोऽर्थधिया मया ।
अज्ञानमदमत्तेन कालेन स्वेन सेवितः ॥ १४ ॥

kaṣṭaṃ cirataraṃ kālamanartho'rthadhiyā mayā ,
ajñānamadamattena kālena svena sevitaḥ 14

14. kaṣṭam cirataram kālam anarthaḥ arthadhiyā
mayā ajñānamadamattena kālena svena sevitaḥ

14. kaṣṭam! arthadhiyā ajñānamadamattena mayā svena kālena cirataram kālam anarthaḥ sevitaḥ.

14. Alas! For a very long time, I, deluded by the thought of gain and intoxicated by the pride of ignorance, pursued what was futile (anartha) throughout my own life.

Words meanings summery:

• कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - Alas! (as an exclamation) (Alas! Woe! difficulty, misery)

• चिरतरम् (cirataram) - for a very long time, for a longer time

• कालम् (kālam) - time, duration

• अनर्थः (anarthaḥ) - what was futile, a useless endeavor (futility, misfortune, a useless thing, non-purpose)

• अर्थधिया (arthadhiyā) - by a mindset focused on (worldly) gain (by the thought of gain/purpose)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• अज्ञानमदमत्तेन (ajñānamadamattena) - by one intoxicated with the pride/intoxication of ignorance

• कालेन (kālena) - throughout one's own life (by time, through time)

• स्वेन (svena) - by one's own, by my own

• सेवितः (sevitaḥ) - was pursued, was experienced (pursued, served, experienced)

Words meanings and morphology

कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - Alas! (as an exclamation) (Alas! Woe! difficulty, misery)

(indeclinable)

चिरतरम् (cirataram) - for a very long time, for a longer time

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ciratara

ciratara - longer, more prolonged

Comparative form of cira (long, lasting).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cira+tara)

• cira – long (of time), lasting, ancient
  adjective
• tara – more, further, comparative suffix
  suffix
  A suffix forming comparative adjectives/adverbs.

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'for a very long time'.

कालम् (kālam) - time, duration

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, black, dark blue

Note: Used adverbially to denote duration of time.

अनर्थः (anarthaḥ) - what was futile, a useless endeavor (futility, misfortune, a useless thing, non-purpose)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anartha

anartha - useless, meaningless, misfortune, calamity, futility

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'sevitaḥ'.

अर्थधिया (arthadhiyā) - by a mindset focused on (worldly) gain (by the thought of gain/purpose)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of arthadhī

arthadhī - thought of gain, desire for wealth/purpose

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (artha+dhī)

• artha – meaning, purpose, object, wealth, gain
  noun (masculine)
• dhī – thought, intellect, understanding, mind
  noun (feminine)

Note: Modifies 'mayā'.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'sevitaḥ'.

अज्ञानमदमत्तेन (ajñānamadamattena) - by one intoxicated with the pride/intoxication of ignorance

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ajñānamadamatta

ajñānamadamatta - intoxicated by the pride or delusion of ignorance

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ajñāna+mada+matta)

• ajñāna – ignorance, nescience, spiritual ignorance
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: a
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• mada – intoxication, pride, arrogance, passion
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root mad (to be glad, intoxicated).
  Root: mad (class 4)
• matta – intoxicated, mad, deluded, joyous
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root mad (to be glad, intoxicated).
  Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'mayā'.

कालेन (kālena) - throughout one's own life (by time, through time)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, black, dark blue

Note: Instrumental denotes the means or duration.

स्वेन (svena) - by one's own, by my own

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sva

sva - one's own, self, own property

Note: Modifies 'kālena'.

सेवितः (sevitaḥ) - was pursued, was experienced (pursued, served, experienced)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sevita

sevita - served, attended, pursued, frequented, practiced

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sev (to serve, attend, practice).

Root: sev (class 1)

Note: Functions as the main verb (was pursued) in a passive construction with 'anarthaḥ'.