योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-1, verse-4

भविष्यत्पुरनिर्माणं चित्तसंस्थमिवोदितम् ।
मर्कटानलतापान्तमसदेवार्थसाधकम् ॥ ४ ॥

bhaviṣyatpuranirmāṇaṃ cittasaṃsthamivoditam ,
markaṭānalatāpāntamasadevārthasādhakam 4

4. bhaviṣyatpuranirmāṇam cittasaṃstham iva uditam
markaṭānalatāpāntam asat eva arthasādhakam

4. (idam) bhaviṣyatpuranirmāṇam cittasaṃstham iva uditam;
(tathā) markaṭānalatāpāntam asat eva arthasādhakam (idam)

4. It is like the construction of a future city, having arisen as if only in the mind, or like the relief from heat for monkeys (who fail to maintain a fire), something that appears to accomplish a purpose but is in fact non-existent.

Words meanings summery:

• भविष्यत्पुरनिर्माणम् (bhaviṣyatpuranirmāṇam) - construction of a future city

• चित्तसंस्थम् (cittasaṁstham) - situated in the mind, residing in thought

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

• उदितम् (uditam) - arisen, appeared, manifested

• मर्कटानलतापान्तम् (markaṭānalatāpāntam) - implies an illusory or ineffective relief, as monkeys cannot maintain a fire effectively. (the end of heat from a monkey's fire)

• असत् (asat) - non-existent, unreal, false

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• अर्थसाधकम् (arthasādhakam) - accomplishing a purpose, effecting an object

Words meanings and morphology

भविष्यत्पुरनिर्माणम् (bhaviṣyatpuranirmāṇam) - construction of a future city

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhaviṣyatpuranirmāṇa

bhaviṣyatpuranirmāṇa - construction of a future city

compound of bhaviṣyat (future), pura (city), nirmāṇa (construction)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhaviṣyat+pura+nirmāṇa)

• bhaviṣyat – future, being about to be
  adjective (masculine)
  Future Active Participle
  derived from root bhū
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• pura – city, town
  noun (neuter)
• nirmāṇa – creation, construction, formation
  noun (neuter)
  derived from root mā with prefix nir
  Prefix: nis
  Root: mā (class 3)

चित्तसंस्थम् (cittasaṁstham) - situated in the mind, residing in thought

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cittasaṃstha

cittasaṁstha - situated in the mind, residing in thought

compound of citta (mind) and saṃstha (situated)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (citta+saṃstha)

• citta – mind, thought
  noun (neuter)
  Root: cit (class 1)
• saṃstha – situated, standing in, existing in
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from root sthā with prefix sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sthā (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

उदितम् (uditam) - arisen, appeared, manifested

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of udita

udita - arisen, appeared, manifested, said

Past Passive Participle

derived from root i (to go) with prefix ud, or root vad (to speak) with ud, here implying 'arisen'.

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

मर्कटानलतापान्तम् (markaṭānalatāpāntam) - implies an illusory or ineffective relief, as monkeys cannot maintain a fire effectively. (the end of heat from a monkey's fire)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of markaṭānalatāpānta

markaṭānalatāpānta - the end of heat from a monkey's fire (an analogy for ineffective or temporary relief)

compound of markaṭa (monkey), anala (fire), tāpa (heat), anta (end)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (markaṭa+anala+tāpa+anta)

• markaṭa – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• anala – fire, god of fire
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 1)
• tāpa – heat, warmth, suffering, pain
  noun (masculine)
  derived from root tap
  Root: tap (class 1)
• anta – end, limit, boundary
  noun (masculine)

असत् (asat) - non-existent, unreal, false

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asat

asat - non-existent, unreal, false, evil

Present Active Participle (negative)

compound of 'a' (negation) and 'sat' (existent, being)

Compound type : nan-tatpuruṣa (a+sat)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• sat – being, existing, real, good
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  derived from root as
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: functions as a noun here, 'the non-existent'

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

अर्थसाधकम् (arthasādhakam) - accomplishing a purpose, effecting an object

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of arthasādhaka

arthasādhaka - accomplishing a purpose, effecting an object, leading to gain

compound of artha (purpose, object) and sādhaka (accomplishing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (artha+sādhaka)

• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)
• sādhaka – accomplishing, effecting, an agent
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from root sādh
  Root: sādh (class 5)