योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-88, verse-19

यो बद्धपदतां यातो जन्तोर्मनसि निश्चयः ।
स तेनैव विना ब्रह्मन्नान्येन विनिवार्यते ॥ १९ ॥

yo baddhapadatāṃ yāto jantormanasi niścayaḥ ,
sa tenaiva vinā brahmannānyena vinivāryate 19

19. yaḥ baddhapadatām yātaḥ jantoḥ manasi niścayaḥ
saḥ tena eva vinā brahman na anyena vinivāryate

19. brahman yaḥ niścayaḥ jantoḥ manasi baddhapadatām
yātaḥ saḥ tena eva vinā anyena na vinivāryate

19. O Brahman, a determination (niścaya) that has become firmly fixed in the mind of a living being cannot be reversed by anyone else, but only by that very same individual.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• बद्धपदताम् (baddhapadatām) - to the state of firm establishment, to a fixed position

• यातः (yātaḥ) - gone, attained, reached

• जन्तोः (jantoḥ) - of a living being, of a creature

• मनसि (manasi) - in the mind, in the intellect

• निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) - resolve, determination, certainty

• सः (saḥ) - Referring back to 'niścayaḥ' (resolve). (that, he)

• तेन (tena) - Referring to the `jantu` (living being) from whose mind the resolve arose. (by that (person/being))

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

• विना (vinā) - without

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - An address to a sage or revered person. (O Brahman)

• न (na) - not, no

• अन्येन (anyena) - by another, by another person/thing

• विनिवार्यते (vinivāryate) - is prevented, is restrained, is turned back

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

बद्धपदताम् (baddhapadatām) - to the state of firm establishment, to a fixed position

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of baddhapadatā

baddhapadatā - state of having fixed feet, firm establishment, fixed position

Compound type : karmadhāraya or bahuvrihi derivate (baddha+pada+tā)

• baddha – bound, tied, fixed, firm
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root 'bandh'.
  Root: bandh (class 9)
• pada – foot, step, position, state
  noun (neuter)
• tā – state, condition, quality
  suffix (feminine)
  Feminine suffix forming abstract nouns.

यातः (yātaḥ) - gone, attained, reached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yāta

yāta - gone, walked, attained, reached, arrived

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'yā'.

Root: yā (class 2)

जन्तोः (jantoḥ) - of a living being, of a creature

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jantu

jantu - living being, creature, man, person

From root 'jan' (to be born).

Root: jan (class 4)

मनसि (manasi) - in the mind, in the intellect

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought, intention

From root 'man' (to think).

Root: man (class 4)

निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) - resolve, determination, certainty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niścaya

niścaya - resolve, determination, certainty, ascertainment, conviction

From prefix 'ni-' (down, into) + root 'ci' (to gather, perceive) or 'śi' (to ascertain).

Prefix: ni

Root: ci (class 5)

सः (saḥ) - Referring back to 'niścayaḥ' (resolve). (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तेन (tena) - Referring to the `jantu` (living being) from whose mind the resolve arose. (by that (person/being))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

(indeclinable)

विना (vinā) - without

(indeclinable)

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - An address to a sage or revered person. (O Brahman)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmin (priest/sage), creator god Brahma, ultimate reality (Brahman)

Root: bṛh (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अन्येन (anyena) - by another, by another person/thing

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

विनिवार्यते (vinivāryate) - is prevented, is restrained, is turned back

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of vinivṛ

Present Passive (Causative root + passive)

3rd person singular, present tense, passive voice, from root 'vṛ' with prefixes 'vi-' and 'ni-'.

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: vṛ (class 10)

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