योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-6, verse-10

रागद्वेषतमःक्रोधमदमात्सर्यवर्जनम् ।
विना राम तपोदानं क्लेश एव न वास्तवम् ॥ १० ॥

rāgadveṣatamaḥkrodhamadamātsaryavarjanam ,
vinā rāma tapodānaṃ kleśa eva na vāstavam 10

10. rāgadveṣatamaḥkrodhamadamātsaryavarjanam
vinā rāma tapaḥ dānam kleśaḥ eva na vāstavam

10. rāma rāgadveṣatamaḥkrodhamadamātsaryavarjanam
vinā tapaḥ dānam eva kleśaḥ na vāstavam

10. Rāma, without forsaking attachment (rāga), aversion (dveṣa), ignorance (tamas), anger, pride (mada), and envy (mātsarya), any austerity (tapas) or act of giving (dāna) is merely an exertion, not a genuine one.

Words meanings summery:

• रागद्वेषतमःक्रोधमदमात्सर्यवर्जनम् (rāgadveṣatamaḥkrodhamadamātsaryavarjanam) - the abandoning of attachment, aversion, darkness/ignorance, anger, pride, and envy

• विना (vinā) - without (without, except)

• राम (rāma) - Rāma (vocative, addressing the listener) (Rāma (name of a legendary prince/deity))

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance)

• दानम् (dānam) - act of giving (dāna) (giving, gift, charity)

• क्लेशः (kleśaḥ) - mere exertion/effort (suffering, pain, trouble, effort)

• एव (eva) - merely (only, just, indeed, merely)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• वास्तवम् (vāstavam) - genuine (real, genuine, true, essential)

Words meanings and morphology

रागद्वेषतमःक्रोधमदमात्सर्यवर्जनम् (rāgadveṣatamaḥkrodhamadamātsaryavarjanam) - the abandoning of attachment, aversion, darkness/ignorance, anger, pride, and envy

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rāgadveṣatamaḥkrodhamadamātsaryavarjana

rāgadveṣatamaḥkrodhamadamātsaryavarjana - abandonment of passion, hatred, ignorance, anger, pride, and envy

Compound of various negative qualities followed by varjana

Compound type : dvandva-tatpurusha (rāga+dveṣa+tamas+krodha+mada+mātsarya+varjana)

• rāga – attachment, passion, color, love
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rañj (class 1)
• dveṣa – hatred, aversion, enmity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dviṣ (class 2)
• tamas – darkness, ignorance, dullness (one of the three guṇas)
  noun (neuter)
• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: krudh (class 4)
• mada – intoxication, pride, arrogance
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mad (class 4)
• mātsarya – envy, jealousy, avarice
  noun (neuter)
  From matsar + ya
• varjana – abandoning, forsaking, avoiding
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  From vṛj + ana
  Root: vṛj (class 1)

Note: This noun is the object of the preposition vinā.

विना (vinā) - without (without, except)

(indeclinable)

Preposition/adverb governing instrumental, accusative, or ablative.

राम (rāma) - Rāma (vocative, addressing the listener) (Rāma (name of a legendary prince/deity))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma, charming, delightful

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, spiritual discipline, heat

Note: Forms a dvandva compound idea with dānam.

दानम् (dānam) - act of giving (dāna) (giving, gift, charity)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - giving, gift, charity, liberality

From dā + ana

Root: dā (class 3)

क्लेशः (kleśaḥ) - mere exertion/effort (suffering, pain, trouble, effort)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kleśa

kleśa - pain, suffering, affliction, trouble, effort, distress

Root: kliś (class 4)

Note: It is the predicate nominative.

एव (eva) - merely (only, just, indeed, merely)

(indeclinable)

Particle used for emphasis

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

वास्तवम् (vāstavam) - genuine (real, genuine, true, essential)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vāstava

vāstava - real, true, essential, actual, genuine

From vastu + aṇ

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective, referring to the tapas and dānam collectively.

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