योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-6, verse-8

देवदेवो महानेष कुतो दूरादवाप्यते ।
तपसा केन तीव्रेण क्लेशेन कियताथवा ॥ ८ ॥

devadevo mahāneṣa kuto dūrādavāpyate ,
tapasā kena tīvreṇa kleśena kiyatāthavā 8

8. devadevaḥ mahān eṣaḥ kutaḥ dūrāt avāpyate
tapasā kena tīvreṇa kleśena kiyatā athavā

8. eṣaḥ mahān devadevaḥ kutaḥ dūrāt avāpyate
kena tīvreṇa tapasā athavā kiyatā kleśena

8. From where, or from what distant place, is this great God of gods attained? By what intense austerity (tapas), or by how much effort (kleśa)?

Words meanings summery:

• देवदेवः (devadevaḥ) - God of gods, supreme deity

• महान् (mahān) - great, mighty, large

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where (from where, why)

• दूरात् (dūrāt) - from a distant place (from a distance, far away)

• अवाप्यते (avāpyate) - is attained, is reached (is attained, is reached, is obtained)

• तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity (tapas) (by austerity, by penance, by spiritual discipline)

• केन (kena) - by what (by what, by whom)

• तीव्रेण (tīvreṇa) - by intense (by intense, by severe, by sharp)

• क्लेशेन (kleśena) - by effort, by suffering (kleśa) (by suffering, by pain, by trouble, by effort)

• कियता (kiyatā) - by how much (by how much, by how great)

• अथवा (athavā) - or (or else, or)

Words meanings and morphology

देवदेवः (devadevaḥ) - God of gods, supreme deity

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of devadeva

devadeva - God of gods, supreme deity

Compound type : tatpurusha (deva+deva)

• deva – god
  noun (masculine)
• deva – god
  noun (masculine)

महान् (mahān) - great, mighty, large

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, mighty, large, eminent

present active participle

From root mah (to grow, be great)

Root: mah (class 1)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that (referring to something present or near)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where (from where, why)

(indeclinable)

Ablative sense

दूरात् (dūrāt) - from a distant place (from a distance, far away)

(adjective)

Ablative, neuter, singular of dūra

dūra - distant, far, remote

Note: Used here in the sense 'from afar' or 'from a distance'.

अवाप्यते (avāpyate) - is attained, is reached (is attained, is reached, is obtained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of avāp

present middle

From root āp (to obtain, reach) with prefix ava

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity (tapas) (by austerity, by penance, by spiritual discipline)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, spiritual discipline, heat

केन (kena) - by what (by what, by whom)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

Note: Agrees with tapasā.

तीव्रेण (tīvreṇa) - by intense (by intense, by severe, by sharp)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tīvra

tīvra - intense, severe, sharp, keen, violent

Note: Agrees with tapasā.

क्लेशेन (kleśena) - by effort, by suffering (kleśa) (by suffering, by pain, by trouble, by effort)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kleśa

kleśa - pain, suffering, affliction, trouble, effort, distress

Root: kliś (class 4)

कियता (kiyatā) - by how much (by how much, by how great)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kiyat

kiyat - how much, how great, how large

From kim with suffix yat

अथवा (athavā) - or (or else, or)

(indeclinable)