वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-72, verse-4

पश्यध्वं विपरीतस्य दण्डस्याविदितात्मनः ।
विपत्तिं घोरसंकाशां क्रुद्धामग्निशिखामिव ॥४॥

4. paśyadhvaṃ viparītasya daṇḍasyāviditātmanaḥ ,
vipattiṃ ghorasaṃkāśāṃ kruddhāmagniśikhāmiva.

4. paśyadhvam viparītasya daṇḍasya aviditātmanaḥ
vipattim ghorasaṃkāśām kruddhām agniśikhām iva

4. viparītasya daṇḍasya aviditātmanaḥ ghorasaṃkāśām
kruddhām agniśikhām iva vipattim paśyadhvam

4. Behold the terrible calamity, raging like a flame of fire, that awaits the perverse one who is ignorant of his true self (ātman).

Words meanings summery:

• पश्यध्वम् (paśyadhvam) - behold, see, observe

• विपरीतस्य (viparītasya) - of the reversed, perverse, contrary

• दण्डस्य (daṇḍasya) - of the one deserving punishment or wielding power wrongly. (of punishment, of a rod/stick, of authority)

• अविदितात्मनः (aviditātmanaḥ) - of one whose self (ātman) is unknown/unrealized, of one ignorant of their true nature (ātman)

• विपत्तिम् (vipattim) - calamity, misfortune, downfall, destruction

• घोरसंकाशाम् (ghorasaṁkāśām) - frightful-looking, terrible in appearance, resembling something dreadful

• क्रुद्धाम् (kruddhām) - enraged, angry, furious

• अग्निशिखाम् (agniśikhām) - flame of fire

• इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

Words meanings and morphology

पश्यध्वम् (paśyadhvam) - behold, see, observe

(verb)

2nd person , plural, middle, present imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

Present Imperative

2nd person plural imperative (loṭ) ātmanepada of root `dṛś` (class 1 `paśya` stem)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: The form -dhvam is characteristic of the middle voice (ātmanepada) 2nd plural imperative.

विपरीतस्य (viparītasya) - of the reversed, perverse, contrary

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of viparīta

viparīta - reversed, contrary, perverse, misguided

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root `i` (to go) with prefixes `vi-` and `pari-`

Prefixes: vi+pari

Root: i (class 2)

दण्डस्य (daṇḍasya) - of the one deserving punishment or wielding power wrongly. (of punishment, of a rod/stick, of authority)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - stick, rod, staff, punishment, chastisement, authority

From root `daṇḍ` (to punish)

Root: daṇḍ (class 10)

Note: Refers to the person described.

अविदितात्मनः (aviditātmanaḥ) - of one whose self (ātman) is unknown/unrealized, of one ignorant of their true nature (ātman)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of aviditātman

aviditātman - one whose self is unknown, ignorant of true nature

Bahuvrīhi compound: `a` (not) + `vidita` (known) + `ātman` (self). Literally 'one by whom the self is not known.' `vidita` is ppp of `vid` (to know).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+vidita+ātman)

• a – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• vidita – known, understood
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root `vid` (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Co-refers with `viparītasya daṇḍasya`.

विपत्तिम् (vipattim) - calamity, misfortune, downfall, destruction

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vipatti

vipatti - calamity, misfortune, downfall, destruction

From root `pat` (to fall) with prefix `vi-`

Prefix: vi

Root: pat (class 1)

घोरसंकाशाम् (ghorasaṁkāśām) - frightful-looking, terrible in appearance, resembling something dreadful

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ghorasaṃkāśa

ghorasaṁkāśa - frightful-looking, terrible in appearance

Compound formed from `ghora` (dreadful, terrible) and `saṃkāśa` (appearance, resembling)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ghora+saṃkāśa)

• ghora – dreadful, terrible, fierce
  adjective (masculine)
• saṃkāśa – appearance, semblance, resembling, like
  noun (masculine)
  From root `kāś` (to shine) with prefix `sam-`
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kāś (class 1)

क्रुद्धाम् (kruddhām) - enraged, angry, furious

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root `krudh` (to be angry)

Root: krudh (class 4)

अग्निशिखाम् (agniśikhām) - flame of fire

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of agniśikhā

agniśikhā - flame of fire

Compound of `agni` (fire) and `śikhā` (flame)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agni+śikhā)

• agni – fire
  noun (masculine)
• śikhā – flame, crest, top, tuft
  noun (feminine)

इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

(indeclinable)