वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-72, verse-21

स तैरृषिभिरभ्यस्तः सहितैर्ब्रह्मसत्तमैः ।
रविरस्तं गतो राम गच्छोदकमुपस्पृश ॥२१॥

21. sa tairṛṣibhirabhyastaḥ sahitairbrahmasattamaiḥ ,
ravirastaṃ gato rāma gacchodakamupaspṛśa.

21. sa taiḥ ṛṣibhiḥ abhyastaḥ sahitaiḥ brahmasattamaiḥ
raviḥ astam gataḥ rāma gaccha udakam upaspṛśa

21. O Rāma, the Sun, attended by those sages and accompanied by the best of brahmins, has set. Go and perform the water ritual.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - the Sun (implicit subject) (he, that)

• तैः (taiḥ) - by them, those

• ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by sages

• अभ्यस्तः (abhyastaḥ) - attended by (in worship) (surrounded, practiced, attended by)

• सहितैः (sahitaiḥ) - accompanied by (the best of brahmins) (accompanied by, together with)

• ब्रह्मसत्तमैः (brahmasattamaiḥ) - by the best of brahmins

• रविः (raviḥ) - Sun

• अस्तम् (astam) - to setting (place) (setting, home, western mountain)

• गतः (gataḥ) - gone (to set), set (gone, gone to, arrived)

• राम (rāma) - O Rāma (Rāma)

• गच्छ (gaccha) - go

• उदकम् (udakam) - water (for ritual ablution) (water)

• उपस्पृश (upaspṛśa) - perform ritual ablution (touch, perform ritual ablution)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - the Sun (implicit subject) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Sun (raviḥ).

तैः (taiḥ) - by them, those

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the sages mentioned in the previous verse.

ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by sages

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer

अभ्यस्तः (abhyastaḥ) - attended by (in worship) (surrounded, practiced, attended by)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhyasta

abhyasta - practiced, studied, thrown; approached, frequented

Past Passive Participle

From √as (to throw, to be) with prefix abhi-

Prefix: abhi

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'sa' (the Sun).

सहितैः (sahitaiḥ) - accompanied by (the best of brahmins) (accompanied by, together with)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied, joined, united, together with

Past Passive Participle

From sa- + hita (placed); or from √i (to go) with prefix sa-

Prefix: sa

Root: dhā/i

Note: Modifies 'ṛṣibhiḥ'.

ब्रह्मसत्तमैः (brahmasattamaiḥ) - by the best of brahmins

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of brahmasattama

brahmasattama - best of brahmins, pre-eminent among brahmins

Compound of brahman (brahmin) and sattama (best), superlative suffix

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+sattama)

• brahman – brahmin, priest, the Absolute
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of sant (good)

Note: Modifies 'ṛṣibhiḥ', indicating that these sages are the best brahmins.

रविः (raviḥ) - Sun

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ravi

ravi - Sun, Sun god

Root: ru

अस्तम् (astam) - to setting (place) (setting, home, western mountain)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of asta

asta - home, western mountain (where the sun sets), setting

Note: Used adverbially with gataḥ.

गतः (gataḥ) - gone (to set), set (gone, gone to, arrived)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, reached, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From √gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used here with Raviḥ to mean 'the Sun has gone to its setting'.

राम (rāma) - O Rāma (Rāma)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (proper name), pleasing, black

गच्छ (gaccha) - go

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of gam

Imperative Mood, Active Voice

From √gam (1st class), present stem gaccha-

Root: gam (class 1)

उदकम् (udakam) - water (for ritual ablution) (water)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of udaka

udaka - water, water offering

उपस्पृश (upaspṛśa) - perform ritual ablution (touch, perform ritual ablution)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of upaspṛś

Imperative Mood, Active Voice

From √spṛś (6th class) with prefix upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: spṛś (class 6)