वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-72, verse-18

ततः प्रभृति काकुत्स्थ दण्डकारण्यमुच्यते ।
तपस्विनः स्थिता यत्र जनस्थानमथो ऽभवत् ॥१८॥

18. tataḥ prabhṛti kākutstha daṇḍakāraṇyamucyate ,
tapasvinaḥ sthitā yatra janasthānamatho'bhavat.

18. tataḥ prabhṛti kākutstha daṇḍakāraṇyam ucyate
tapasvinaḥ sthitāḥ yatra janasthānam atha u abhavat

18. From then on, O Rāma (Kākutstha), it has been called the Daṇḍaka forest. Furthermore, the place where ascetics (tapasvin) resided became known as Janasthāna.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - from that, thence, then

• प्रभृति (prabhṛti) - from, beginning with, since

• काकुत्स्थ (kākutstha) - O Rāma, descendant of Kakutstha (O Kakutstha (an epithet for Rāma))

• दण्डकारण्यम् (daṇḍakāraṇyam) - Daṇḍaka forest

• उच्यते (ucyate) - it is called, it is said

• तपस्विनः (tapasvinaḥ) - ascetics, hermits (tapasvin)

• स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - situated, residing, standing

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

• जनस्थानम् (janasthānam) - the region named Janasthāna, a dwelling place for people (Janasthāna (a region for people))

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• उ (u) - indeed, certainly (particle)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - it became, it was

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - from that, thence, then

(indeclinable)

प्रभृति (prabhṛti) - from, beginning with, since

(indeclinable)

Can function as a postposition with ablative

काकुत्स्थ (kākutstha) - O Rāma, descendant of Kakutstha (O Kakutstha (an epithet for Rāma))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kākutstha

kākutstha - descendant of Kakutstha (a king of Ayodhyā), an epithet for Rāma

Patronymic derived from Kakutstha

दण्डकारण्यम् (daṇḍakāraṇyam) - Daṇḍaka forest

(proper noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of daṇḍakāraṇya

daṇḍakāraṇya - the Daṇḍaka forest (a large forest mentioned in epics, associated with the demon Daṇḍaka)

Compound type : tatpurusha (daṇḍaka+araṇya)

• daṇḍaka – name of a king, a region (associated with the curse)
  proper noun (masculine)
• araṇya – forest, wilderness, desert
  noun (neuter)

उच्यते (ucyate) - it is called, it is said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Passive form of √vac (often represented as √brū in present tense)

Root: vac (class 2)

तपस्विनः (tapasvinaḥ) - ascetics, hermits (tapasvin)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tapasvin

tapasvin - one who performs austerity (tapas), an ascetic, a hermit

Derived from tapas (austerity) with suffix -vin

स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - situated, residing, standing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sthita

sthita - stood, stayed, situated, existing, firm

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √sthā with suffix -ta

Root: sthā (class 1)

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

(indeclinable)

जनस्थानम् (janasthānam) - the region named Janasthāna, a dwelling place for people (Janasthāna (a region for people))

(proper noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of janasthāna

janasthāna - a dwelling place for people, human habitation; name of a specific region in the Daṇḍaka forest

Compound type : tatpurusha (jana+sthāna)

• jana – person, people, creature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• sthāna – place, abode, station, position
  noun (neuter)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

उ (u) - indeed, certainly (particle)

(indeclinable)

An emphatic or conjunctive particle

अभवत् (abhavat) - it became, it was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)