वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-60, verse-13

तस्मिंस्तथा ब्रुवाणे तु राक्षसः प्रहसन्निव ।
प्रत्युवाच नरश्रेष्ठं दिष्ट्या प्राप्तो ऽसि दुर्मते ॥१३॥

13. tasmiṃstathā bruvāṇe tu rākṣasaḥ prahasanniva ,
pratyuvāca naraśreṣṭhaṃ diṣṭyā prāpto'si durmate.

13. tasmin tathā bruvāṇe tu rākṣasaḥ prahasan iva
pratyuvāca naraśreṣṭham diṣṭyā prāptaḥ asi durmate

13. tu rākṣasaḥ prahasan iva tasmin tathā bruvāṇe
naraśreṣṭham pratyuvāca durmate diṣṭyā prāptaḥ asi

13. As he spoke thus, the demon, as if laughing, replied to that best of men: "Fortunately, O evil-minded one, you have arrived!"

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when he (Shatrughna) was speaking (locative absolute) (in him, on him, when he)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner

• ब्रुवाणे (bruvāṇe) - when he (Shatrughna) was speaking (part of locative absolute with 'tasmin') (to the speaking one, when speaking)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - demon, rakshasa

• प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing, smiling

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied, answered

• नरश्रेष्ठम् (naraśreṣṭham) - to the best of men

• दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately, by good luck

• प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - arrived, obtained

• असि (asi) - you are

• दुर्मते (durmate) - O evil-minded one, O foolish one

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when he (Shatrughna) was speaking (locative absolute) (in him, on him, when he)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

ब्रुवाणे (bruvāṇe) - when he (Shatrughna) was speaking (part of locative absolute with 'tasmin') (to the speaking one, when speaking)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of bruvāṇa

bruvāṇa - speaking, telling

Present Middle Participle

Present middle participle of root 'brū' (to speak)

Root: brū (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - demon, rakshasa

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, rakshasa

प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing, smiling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahasat

prahasat - laughing, smiling

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root 'has' (to laugh) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

इव (iva) - as if, like, as

(indeclinable)

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied, answered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect tense (liṭ) 3rd person singular active of root 'vac' with prefix 'prati'

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

नरश्रेष्ठम् (naraśreṣṭham) - to the best of men

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of naraśreṣṭha

naraśreṣṭha - best of men

Compound of 'nara' (man) and 'śreṣṭha' (best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+śreṣṭha)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)

दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately, by good luck

(indeclinable)

Instrumental singular of 'diṣṭi' used adverbially

प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - arrived, obtained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, arrived

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root 'āp' (to obtain, reach) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active

Present tense (laṭ) 2nd person singular active of root 'as'

Root: as (class 2)

दुर्मते (durmate) - O evil-minded one, O foolish one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of durmati

durmati - evil-minded, foolish

Formed from 'dur' (bad) and 'mati' (mind, thought)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+mati)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult
  indeclinable
• mati – mind, thought, intellect
  noun (feminine)