वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-60, verse-1

कथां कथयतां तेषां जयं चाकाङ्क्षतां शुभम् ।
व्यतीता रजनी शीघ्रं शत्रुघ्नस्य महात्मनः ॥१॥

1. kathāṃ kathayatāṃ teṣāṃ jayaṃ cākāṅkṣatāṃ śubham ,
vyatītā rajanī śīghraṃ śatrughnasya mahātmanaḥ.

1. कथाम् कथयताम् तेषाम् जयम् च आकाङ्क्षताम् शुभम्
व्यतीता रजनी शीघ्रम् शत्रुघ्नस्य महात्मनः

1. तेषाम् कथाम् कथयताम् च शुभम् जयम् आकाङ्क्षताम्
शत्रुघ्नस्य महात्मनः रजनी शीघ्रम् व्यतीता

1. While they were narrating stories and desiring an auspicious victory, the night swiftly passed for the noble-minded (Shatrughna).

Words meanings summery:

• कथाम् (कथाम्) - story, tale, narrative

• कथयताम् (कथयताम्) - of those narrating, telling

• तेषाम् (तेषाम्) - of them, to them

• जयम् (जयम्) - victory, triumph

• च (च) - and, also, moreover

• आकाङ्क्षताम् (आकाङ्क्षताम्) - of those desiring, wishing for

• शुभम् (शुभम्) - auspicious (auspicious, good, beautiful)

• व्यतीता (व्यतीता) - passed, elapsed, gone by

• रजनी (रजनी) - night

• शीघ्रम् (शीघ्रम्) - quickly, swiftly

• शत्रुघ्नस्य (शत्रुघ्नस्य) - of Shatrughna

• महात्मनः (महात्मनः) - of the great-souled, of the noble-minded

Words meanings and morphology

कथाम् (कथाम्) - story, tale, narrative

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kathā

kathā - story, tale, narrative, fable

कथयताम् (कथयताम्) - of those narrating, telling

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kathayat

kathayat - narrating, telling

Present Active Participle

Derived from root kath (class 10, 'to tell, say')

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Present active participle, used substantively as 'of those who were narrating'.

तेषाम् (तेषाम्) - of them, to them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the persons narrating and desiring.

जयम् (जयम्) - victory, triumph

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, triumph, conquest

च (च) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

आकाङ्क्षताम् (आकाङ्क्षताम्) - of those desiring, wishing for

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ākāṅkṣat

ākāṅkṣat - desiring, wishing for, aspiring to

Present Active Participle

Derived from root kāṅkṣ (class 1, 'to desire') with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: kāṅkṣ (class 1)

Note: Present active participle, used substantively, parallel to `kathayatām`.

शुभम् (शुभम्) - auspicious (auspicious, good, beautiful)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śubha

śubha - auspicious, good, beautiful, propitious, splendid

Note: Modifying `jayam`.

व्यतीता (व्यतीता) - passed, elapsed, gone by

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vyatīta

vyatīta - passed away, gone by, elapsed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root i (class 2, 'to go') with prefixes vi and ati.

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Past passive participle, predicative for `rajanī`.

रजनी (रजनी) - night

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rajanī

rajanī - night, darkness

शीघ्रम् (शीघ्रम्) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use of neuter accusative of śīghra (quick)

शत्रुघ्नस्य (शत्रुघ्नस्य) - of Shatrughna

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śatrughna

śatrughna - Shatrughna (a proper name, 'slayer of enemies')

महात्मनः (महात्मनः) - of the great-souled, of the noble-minded

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble-minded, magnanimous, illustrious

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – (ātman), self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifying `śatrughnasya`.