वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-54, verse-18

यो हि वंशं समुत्पाट्य पार्थिवस्य पुनः क्षये ।
न विधत्ते नृपं तत्र नरकं स निगच्छति ॥१८॥

18. yo hi vaṃśaṃ samutpāṭya pārthivasya punaḥ kṣaye ,
na vidhatte nṛpaṃ tatra narakaṃ sa nigacchati.

18. yaḥ hi vaṃśam samutpāṭya pārthivasya punaḥ kṣaye
na vidhatte nṛpam tatra narakam saḥ nigacchati

18. yaḥ hi pārthivasya vaṃśam samutpāṭya punaḥ kṣaye tatra nṛpam na vidhatte,
saḥ narakam nigacchati

18. Indeed, whoever completely uproots the lineage of a king and does not re-establish a ruler there after its destruction, he goes to hell (naraka).

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely

• वंशम् (vaṁśam) - lineage, family, race

• समुत्पाट्य (samutpāṭya) - having uprooted, having eradicated

• पार्थिवस्य (pārthivasya) - of the king, of the earthly ruler

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, moreover, but

• क्षये (kṣaye) - in destruction, in ruin, in decline

• न (na) - not

• विधत्ते (vidhatte) - establishes, appoints, performs

• नृपम् (nṛpam) - king, ruler

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• नरकम् (narakam) - hell, infernal region

• सः (saḥ) - he, that one

• निगच्छति (nigacchati) - goes, obtains, enters

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Corresponds to 'saḥ'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

Particle

वंशम् (vaṁśam) - lineage, family, race

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaṃśa

vaṁśa - bamboo, race, lineage, family

Note: Object of 'samutpāṭya'.

समुत्पाट्य (samutpāṭya) - having uprooted, having eradicated

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) of the causative stem 'pāṭaya' (from root 'paṭ' to tear) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ud'.

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: paṭ (class 10)

पार्थिवस्य (pārthivasya) - of the king, of the earthly ruler

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - relating to the earth, earthly, king, prince

From 'pṛthivī' (earth) + 'aṇ' suffix

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, moreover, but

(indeclinable)

Adverb

Note: The 'r' becomes 'ḥ' in pause or before a voiceless consonant.

क्षये (kṣaye) - in destruction, in ruin, in decline

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - destruction, ruin, loss, end

From root 'kṣi' (to perish, to destroy) + 'a' suffix

Root: kṣi (class 5)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

विधत्ते (vidhatte) - establishes, appoints, performs

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vi-dhā

present middle

From root 'dhā' (to place, hold) with prefix 'vi', often used in middle voice

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

नृपम् (nṛpam) - king, ruler

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

'nṛ' (man) + 'pa' (protector)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human
  noun (masculine)
  Strong stem of 'nṛ'
• pa – protector, keeper
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'pā' (to protect) + 'a' suffix
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Object of 'vidhatte'.

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place, from 'tad' + 'tra'

नरकम् (narakam) - hell, infernal region

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of naraka

naraka - hell, the infernal regions

Perhaps from 'nṛ' (man) + 'aka' (suffering)

Note: Object of 'nigacchati'.

सः (saḥ) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Correlative pronoun

Note: Corresponds to 'yaḥ'.

निगच्छति (nigacchati) - goes, obtains, enters

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ni-gam

present active

From root 'gam' (to go) with prefix 'ni'

Prefix: ni

Root: gam (class 1)