वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-54, verse-1

तथोक्ते तानृषीन् रामः प्रत्युवाच कृताञ्जलिः ।
किमाहारः किमाचारो लवणः क्व च वर्तते ॥१॥

1. tathokte tānṛṣīn rāmaḥ pratyuvāca kṛtāñjaliḥ ,
kimāhāraḥ kimācāro lavaṇaḥ kva ca vartate.

1. tathā ukte tān ṛṣīn rāmaḥ pratyuvāca kṛta añjaliḥ
kim āhāraḥ kim ācāraḥ lavaṇaḥ kva ca vartate

1. When this was said, Rāma, with folded hands (kṛtāñjali), replied to those sages: 'What is his food? What is his conduct? And where does Lavaṇa reside?'

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• उक्ते (ukte) - when spoken, when said

• तान् (tān) - those

• ऋषीन् (ṛṣīn) - sages, seers

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - he replied, he answered

• कृत (kṛta) - made, done

• अञ्जलिः (añjaliḥ) - joined palms (gesture of respect)

• किम् (kim) - what?, which?

• आहारः (āhāraḥ) - food, diet, nourishment

• किम् (kim) - what?, which?

• आचारः (ācāraḥ) - conduct, custom, behavior

• लवणः (lavaṇaḥ) - Lavaṇa

• क्व (kva) - where?, at what place?

• च (ca) - and, also

• वर्तते (vartate) - he exists, he dwells, he is

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb.

उक्ते (ukte) - when spoken, when said

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

P.P.P. of root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'tathā'.

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Qualifies 'ṛṣīn'.

ऋषीन् (ṛṣīn) - sages, seers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer

Root: ṛṣ

Note: Object of 'pratyuvāca' (replied to them).

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (proper name of a divine king)

Note: Subject of 'pratyuvāca'.

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - he replied, he answered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of prativac

perfect tense, active voice

lit-lakāra, parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, formed from 'prati' + 'uvāca' (perfect of 'vac')

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

कृत (kṛta) - made, done

(adjective)

neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

P.P.P. of root kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अञ्जलिः (añjaliḥ) - joined palms (gesture of respect)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of añjali

añjali - gesture of homage with folded hands, cup-like hollow of the hands

From root añj (to anoint, honor)

Root: añj (class 7)

Note: As part of 'kṛtāñjaliḥ' (Bahuvrīhi compound, 'one whose añjali is made').

किम् (kim) - what?, which?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, which?, who?

Note: Question word.

आहारः (āhāraḥ) - food, diet, nourishment

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āhāra

āhāra - food, diet, nourishment

From root hṛ (to seize, carry) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of implied verb 'is'.

किम् (kim) - what?, which?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, which?, who?

Note: Question word.

आचारः (ācāraḥ) - conduct, custom, behavior

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ācāra

ācāra - conduct, custom, behavior

From root car (to move, behave) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Subject of implied verb 'is'.

लवणः (lavaṇaḥ) - Lavaṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lavaṇa

lavaṇa - Lavaṇa (proper name of a demon), salt, salty

Note: Subject of 'vartate'.

क्व (kva) - where?, at what place?

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb of place.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

वर्तते (vartate) - he exists, he dwells, he is

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of vṛt

present tense, middle voice

lat-lakāra, ātmanepada, 3rd person singular

Root: vṛt (class 1)