वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-47, verse-6

सा कथं ह्याश्रमे सौम्य वत्स्यामि विजनीकृता ।
आख्यास्यामि च कस्याहं दुःखं दुःखपरायणा ॥६॥

6. sā kathaṃ hyāśrame saumya vatsyāmi vijanīkṛtā ,
ākhyāsyāmi ca kasyāhaṃ duḥkhaṃ duḥkhaparāyaṇā.

6. sā katham hi āśrame saumya vatsyāmi vijanīkṛtā |
ākhyāsyāmi ca kasyāḥ aham duḥkham duḥkhaparāyaṇā

6. saumya sā aham vijanīkṛtā āśrame katham hi vatsyāmi
ca duḥkhaparāyaṇā aham kasyāḥ duḥkham ākhyāsyāmi

6. O gentle one, how indeed shall I, now made solitary, live in this hermitage? And to whom shall I, who am utterly devoted to suffering (duḥkha), narrate my sorrow (duḥkha)?

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - I (referring to herself as 'that person' in a state of reflection) (she, that (feminine))

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• आश्रमे (āśrame) - in the hermitage

• सौम्य (saumya) - O Lakṣmaṇa (O gentle one)

• वत्स्यामि (vatsyāmi) - I shall dwell, I shall live

• विजनीकृता (vijanīkṛtā) - made solitary, left alone

• आख्यास्यामि (ākhyāsyāmi) - I shall narrate, I shall tell

• च (ca) - and, also

• कस्याः (kasyāḥ) - to whom (feminine, implying dative case usage) (of whom (feminine))

• अहम् (aham) - I

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering

• दुःखपरायणा (duḥkhaparāyaṇā) - utterly devoted to suffering (devoted to sorrow, having sorrow as primary object)

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - I (referring to herself as 'that person' in a state of reflection) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to the speaker (Sita), often used to introduce a statement about one's state or condition.

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

आश्रमे (āśrame) - in the hermitage

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, monastic retreat, stage of life (āśrama)

Root: śram (class 4)

सौम्य (saumya) - O Lakṣmaṇa (O gentle one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saumya

saumya - gentle, mild, auspicious, son of Soma

Note: Addressing Lakṣmaṇa.

वत्स्यामि (vatsyāmi) - I shall dwell, I shall live

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vas

Future Tense

Root: vas (class 1)

विजनीकृता (vijanīkṛtā) - made solitary, left alone

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vijanīkṛta

vijanīkṛta - made solitary, made empty, deserted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from vijana (solitary) and the verbal root kṛ (to make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Feminine nominative singular, agreeing with 'sā aham'.

आख्यास्यामि (ākhyāsyāmi) - I shall narrate, I shall tell

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of ākhyā

Future Tense

From the root khyā with the prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कस्याः (kasyāḥ) - to whom (feminine, implying dative case usage) (of whom (feminine))

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of kim

kim - who, which, what

Note: Feminine genitive singular, used here idiomatically in the sense of a dative 'to whom', especially common in epic Sanskrit.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, sorrow, pain, misery

Note: Object of 'ākhyāsyāmi'.

दुःखपरायणा (duḥkhaparāyaṇā) - utterly devoted to suffering (devoted to sorrow, having sorrow as primary object)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of duḥkhaparāyaṇa

duḥkhaparāyaṇa - having sorrow for one's chief object, intent on suffering, utterly devoted to sorrow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (duḥkha+parāyaṇa)

• duḥkha – suffering, sorrow, pain, misery
  noun (neuter)
• parāyaṇa – chief object, ultimate end, devoted to, intent on
  noun (neuter)

Note: Feminine nominative singular, agreeing with 'aham'.

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