वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-47, verse-13

एवं ब्रुवन्त्यां सीतायां लक्ष्मणो दीनचेतनः ।
शिरसा धरणीं गत्वा व्याहर्तुं न शशाक ह ॥१३॥

13. evaṃ bruvantyāṃ sītāyāṃ lakṣmaṇo dīnacetanaḥ ,
śirasā dharaṇīṃ gatvā vyāhartuṃ na śaśāka ha.

13. evam bruvantyām sītāyām lakṣmaṇaḥ dīnacetanaḥ
| śirasā dharaṇīm gatvā vyāhartum na śaśāka ha

13. evam sītāyām bruvantyām,
dīnacetanaḥ lakṣmaṇaḥ śirasā dharaṇīm gatvā,
vyāhartum na śaśāka ha.

13. Even as Sītā spoke thus, Lakṣmaṇa, his mind grief-stricken, bowed his head to the ground and was indeed unable to speak.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• ब्रुवन्त्याम् (bruvantyām) - while speaking, as she spoke

• सीतायाम् (sītāyām) - while Sītā spoke (locative absolute) (to Sītā, in Sītā)

• लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakṣmaṇa

• दीनचेतनः (dīnacetanaḥ) - whose mind is distressed, grief-stricken

• शिरसा (śirasā) - with his head

• धरणीम् (dharaṇīm) - the earth, the ground

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, having reached

• व्याहर्तुम् (vyāhartum) - to speak, to utter

• न (na) - not, no

• शशाक (śaśāka) - he was able

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

ब्रुवन्त्याम् (bruvantyām) - while speaking, as she spoke

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of bruvat

bruvat - speaking, saying (present participle)

Present Active Participle

Feminine locative singular of 'bruvat' (from root 'brū')

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

सीतायाम् (sītāyām) - while Sītā spoke (locative absolute) (to Sītā, in Sītā)

(proper noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sita (proper noun, name of Rama's wife)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakṣmaṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana (proper noun, Rama's brother)

दीनचेतनः (dīnacetanaḥ) - whose mind is distressed, grief-stricken

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīnacetana

dīnacetana - distressed in mind, dejected, grief-stricken

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dīna+cetana)

• dīna – distressed, miserable, sad, feeble
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'dai' (to be feeble, to suffer), Class 4
  Root: dai (class 4)
• cetana – mind, consciousness, sentient being
  noun (masculine/neuter)

शिरसा (śirasā) - with his head

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head

धरणीम् (dharaṇīm) - the earth, the ground

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dharaṇī

dharaṇī - earth, ground

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, having reached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Indeclinable participle indicating prior action

Root: gam (class 1)

व्याहर्तुम् (vyāhartum) - to speak, to utter

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of 'vyāhṛ' (vi + ā + hṛ)

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शशाक (śaśāka) - he was able

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of śak

Root class 5, active voice, perfect tense (lit)

Root: śak (class 5)

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

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