वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-9, verse-9

प्रमत्तेष्वभियुक्तेषु दैवेन प्रहतेषु च ।
विक्रमास्तात सिध्यन्ति परीक्ष्य विधिना कृताः ॥९॥

9. pramatteṣvabhiyukteṣu daivena prahateṣu ca ,
vikramāstāta sidhyanti parīkṣya vidhinā kṛtāḥ.

9. pramatteṣu abhiyukteṣu daivena prahateṣu ca
vikramāḥ tāta sidhyanti parīkṣya vidhinā kṛtāḥ

9. tāta,
pramatteṣu abhiyukteṣu daivena prahateṣu ca,
parīkṣya vidhinā kṛtāḥ vikramāḥ sidhyanti

9. O dear one, acts of valor, when performed after careful consideration and according to the proper method, succeed against those who are negligent, engaged (in battle), or afflicted by fate.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रमत्तेषु (pramatteṣu) - among those enemies who are careless (among the negligent, among the careless, distracted)

• अभियुक्तेषु (abhiyukteṣu) - among those enemies who are engaged (in battle) (among those attacked, among the engaged (in battle))

• दैवेन (daivena) - by fate, by divine agency

• प्रहतेषु (prahateṣu) - among those enemies who are afflicted by fate (among the struck down, among the afflicted)

• च (ca) - and, also

• विक्रमाः (vikramāḥ) - acts of valor, heroic deeds

• तात (tāta) - O dear one (Vibhishana addressing a listener) (dear one, my child)

• सिध्यन्ति (sidhyanti) - they succeed, they are accomplished

• परीक्ष्य (parīkṣya) - having carefully considered (having examined, having tested)

• विधिना (vidhinā) - by proper method, according to rule

• कृताः (kṛtāḥ) - performed, done, made

Words meanings and morphology

प्रमत्तेषु (pramatteṣu) - among those enemies who are careless (among the negligent, among the careless, distracted)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of pramatta

pramatta - careless, negligent, intoxicated, deluded, heedless

Past Passive Participle

From pra + √mad (to be excited, negligent) + kta (PPP suffix).

Prefix: pra

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Participle used adjectivally.

अभियुक्तेषु (abhiyukteṣu) - among those enemies who are engaged (in battle) (among those attacked, among the engaged (in battle))

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of abhiyukta

abhiyukta - attacked, engaged, devoted to, applied to

Past Passive Participle

From abhi + √yuj (to join, apply) + kta (PPP suffix).

Prefix: abhi

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Participle used adjectivally.

दैवेन (daivena) - by fate, by divine agency

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - relating to gods, divine, fate, destiny

From 'deva' (god).

Note: Agent in passive construction ('prahateṣu').

प्रहतेषु (prahateṣu) - among those enemies who are afflicted by fate (among the struck down, among the afflicted)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of prahata

prahata - struck down, wounded, afflicted, killed

Past Passive Participle

From pra + √han (to strike, kill) + kta (PPP suffix).

Prefix: pra

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Participle used adjectivally.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विक्रमाः (vikramāḥ) - acts of valor, heroic deeds

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vikrama

vikrama - valor, heroism, powerful step, might, conquest

From vi + √kram (to step, stride).

Prefix: vi

Root: kram (class 1)

तात (tāta) - O dear one (Vibhishana addressing a listener) (dear one, my child)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - dear, my child, father (vocative term of endearment)

सिध्यन्ति (sidhyanti) - they succeed, they are accomplished

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √sidh

Present Tense, 3rd Person Plural

From √sidh (to accomplish) + ya infix + anti ending.

Root: sidh (class 4)

Note: Intransitive verb.

परीक्ष्य (parīkṣya) - having carefully considered (having examined, having tested)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From pari + √īkṣ (to see) + lyaP suffix.

Prefix: pari

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

विधिना (vidhinā) - by proper method, according to rule

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - rule, method, ordinance, fate, destiny

From vi + √dhā (to place, arrange).

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agent of 'kṛtāḥ'.

कृताः (kṛtāḥ) - performed, done, made

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, created

Past Passive Participle

From √kṛ (to do, make) + kta (PPP suffix).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Participle used adjectivally to describe 'vikramāḥ'.

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