वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-9, verse-16

न नः क्षमं वीर्यवता तेन धर्मानुवर्तिना ।
वैरं निरर्थकं कर्तुं दीयतामस्य मैथिली ॥१६॥

16. na naḥ kṣamaṃ vīryavatā tena dharmānuvartinā ,
vairaṃ nirarthakaṃ kartuṃ dīyatāmasya maithilī.

16. na naḥ kṣamam vīryavatā tena dharma-anuvartinā
vairam nirarthakam kartum dīyatām asya maithilī

16. naḥ vīryavatā tena dharma-anuvartinā nirarthakam
vairam kartum na kṣamam asya maithilī dīyatām

16. It is not proper for us to create a meaningless enmity with that valiant follower of natural law (dharma). Let Maithili be given back to him.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• नः (naḥ) - for us, to us, our, us (plural pronoun)

• क्षमम् (kṣamam) - proper, suitable, fit, capable

• वीर्यवता (vīryavatā) - by the valorous, by the powerful

• तेन (tena) - by him, with him, that (masculine instrumental)

• धर्म-अनुवर्तिना (dharma-anuvartinā) - by Rama, the follower of natural law (dharma) (by the follower of dharma, by one who acts according to natural law)

• वैरम् (vairam) - enmity, hostility, hatred

• निरर्थकम् (nirarthakam) - meaningless, useless, fruitless

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to make, to do, to perform

• दीयताम् (dīyatām) - let it be given, may it be given

• अस्य (asya) - to Rama (to him, of him, his)

• मैथिली (maithilī) - Sita, wife of Rama (Maithili (Sita, princess of Mithila))

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

नः (naḥ) - for us, to us, our, us (plural pronoun)

(pronoun)

plural of asmad

asmad - we, us

Note: Here used in the dative sense 'for us'.

क्षमम् (kṣamam) - proper, suitable, fit, capable

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣama

kṣama - able, fit, suitable, proper, patient

वीर्यवता (vīryavatā) - by the valorous, by the powerful

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - valorous, powerful, brave, energetic

Possessive adjective from 'vīrya' (valor) + -vat

तेन (tena) - by him, with him, that (masculine instrumental)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: Refers to Rama. Agrees with 'vīryavatā' and 'dharma-anuvartinā'.

धर्म-अनुवर्तिना (dharma-anuvartinā) - by Rama, the follower of natural law (dharma) (by the follower of dharma, by one who acts according to natural law)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma-anuvartin

dharma-anuvartin - following natural law (dharma), righteous, dutiful

Compound of 'dharma' + 'anuvartin' (following)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+anuvartin)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
• anuvartin – following, conforming to, obedient to
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root √vṛt with prefix anu- and suffix -in
  Prefix: anu
  Root: √vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tena'.

वैरम् (vairam) - enmity, hostility, hatred

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vaira

vaira - enmity, hostility, hatred, antagonism

निरर्थकम् (nirarthakam) - meaningless, useless, fruitless

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nirarthaka

nirarthaka - meaningless, useless, fruitless, vain

Compound of 'nis' (without) + 'artha' (purpose) + -ka (suffix)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (nis+artha)

• nis – out, forth, without
  indeclinable
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'vairam'.

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to make, to do, to perform

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Derived from root √kṛ with suffix -tum

Root: √kṛ (class 8)

दीयताम् (dīyatām) - let it be given, may it be given

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (lot) of √dā

Imperative

3rd person singular, passive voice

Root: √dā (class 3)

अस्य (asya) - to Rama (to him, of him, his)

(pronoun)

masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he

Note: Here used in the dative sense 'to him'.

मैथिली (maithilī) - Sita, wife of Rama (Maithili (Sita, princess of Mithila))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of maithilī

maithilī - Sita, princess of Mithila

Derived from 'Mithila' (name of a city/kingdom)

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