वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-9, verse-17

यावन्न सगजां साश्वां बहुरत्नसमाकुलाम् ।
पुरीं दारयते बाणैर्दीयतामस्य मैथिली ॥१७॥

17. yāvanna sagajāṃ sāśvāṃ bahuratnasamākulām ,
purīṃ dārayate bāṇairdīyatāmasya maithilī.

17. yāvat na sa-gajām sa-aśvām bahu-ratna-samākulām
purīm dārayate bāṇaiḥ dīyatām asya maithilī

17. yāvat na sa-gajām sa-aśvām bahu-ratna-samākulām
purīm bāṇaiḥ dārayate asya maithilī dīyatām

17. Before he tears apart our city—which is filled with elephants, horses, and many jewels—with his arrows, let Maithili be given back to him.

Words meanings summery:

• यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, until, as far as

• न (na) - not, no

• स-गजाम् (sa-gajām) - with elephants, having elephants

• स-अश्वाम् (sa-aśvām) - with horses, having horses

• बहु-रत्न-समाकुलाम् (bahu-ratna-samākulām) - filled with many jewels, crowded with many gems

• पुरीम् (purīm) - The city of Lanka (the city, town)

• दारयते (dārayate) - he tears apart, he splits, he destroys

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

• दीयताम् (dīyatām) - let it be given, may it be given

• अस्य (asya) - to Rama (to him, of him, his)

• मैथिली (maithilī) - Sita, wife of Rama (Maithili (Sita, princess of Mithila))

Words meanings and morphology

यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, until, as far as

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

स-गजाम् (sa-gajām) - with elephants, having elephants

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sa-gaja

sa-gaja - accompanied by elephants, having elephants

Compound of 'sa' (with) + 'gaja' (elephant)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+gaja)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'purīm'.

स-अश्वाम् (sa-aśvām) - with horses, having horses

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sa-aśva

sa-aśva - accompanied by horses, having horses

Compound of 'sa' (with) + 'aśva' (horse)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+aśva)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'purīm'.

बहु-रत्न-समाकुलाम् (bahu-ratna-samākulām) - filled with many jewels, crowded with many gems

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bahu-ratna-samākula

bahu-ratna-samākula - filled/crowded with many jewels

Compound 'bahu-ratna' (many jewels) + 'samākula' (filled, crowded)

Compound type : tatpurusha (bahu-ratna+samākula)

• bahu-ratna – many jewels
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of 'bahu' (many) and 'ratna' (jewel)
• samākula – filled with, crowded with, agitated
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √ākul with prefix sam-
  Prefix: sam
  Root: √ākul (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'purīm'.

पुरीम् (purīm) - The city of Lanka (the city, town)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town, fortified place

दारयते (dārayate) - he tears apart, he splits, he destroys

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of √dṛ

Present tense, Causative/Denominative

3rd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada)

Root: √dṛ (class 1)

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow, shaft

दीयताम् (dīyatām) - let it be given, may it be given

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (lot) of √dā

Imperative

3rd person singular, passive voice

Root: √dā (class 3)

अस्य (asya) - to Rama (to him, of him, his)

(pronoun)

masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he

Note: Here used in the dative sense 'to him'.

मैथिली (maithilī) - Sita, wife of Rama (Maithili (Sita, princess of Mithila))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of maithilī

maithilī - Sita, princess of Mithila

Derived from 'Mithila' (name of a city/kingdom)

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