वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-9, verse-1

ततो निकुम्भो रभसः सूर्यशत्रुर्महाबलः ।
सुप्तघ्नो यज्ञकोपश्च महापार्श्वो महोदरः ॥१॥

1. tato nikumbho rabhasaḥ sūryaśatrurmahābalaḥ ,
suptaghno yajñakopaśca mahāpārśvo mahodaraḥ.

1. tataḥ nikumbhaḥ rabhasaḥ sūryaśatruḥ mahābalaḥ
suptaghnaḥ yajñakopaḥ ca mahāpārśvaḥ mahodaraḥ

1. tataḥ nikumbhaḥ rabhasaḥ sūryaśatruḥ mahābalaḥ
suptaghnaḥ yajñakopaḥ ca mahāpārśvaḥ ca mahodaraḥ

1. Then [came] Nikumbha, the impetuous Suryashatru, the immensely powerful Suptaghna, and Yajñakopa (angered by [Vedic] ritual (yajña)), Mahāpārśva, and Mahodara.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

• निकुम्भः (nikumbhaḥ) - Nikumbha (name of a demon)

• रभसः (rabhasaḥ) - impetuous, furious, violent, swift

• सूर्यशत्रुः (sūryaśatruḥ) - Suryashatru (name), enemy of the sun

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - immensely powerful, mighty, great strength

• सुप्तघ्नः (suptaghnaḥ) - Suptaghna (name), slayer of the sleeping

• यज्ञकोपः (yajñakopaḥ) - Yajñakopa (name), angered by Vedic rituals

• च (ca) - and

• महापार्श्वः (mahāpārśvaḥ) - Mahaparshva (name), broad-flanked

• महोदरः (mahodaraḥ) - Mahodara (name), large-bellied

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

(indeclinable)

From pronominal base 'ta' with suffix '-tas'

निकुम्भः (nikumbhaḥ) - Nikumbha (name of a demon)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nikumbha

nikumbha - Nikumbha (name of a demon, son of Kumbhakarna)

Note: Subject of an implied verb 'appeared' or 'was'.

रभसः (rabhasaḥ) - impetuous, furious, violent, swift

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rabhasa

rabhasa - impetuous, rapid, violent, furious; speed, impetuosity

Note: Agrees with 'nikumbhaḥ'.

सूर्यशत्रुः (sūryaśatruḥ) - Suryashatru (name), enemy of the sun

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūryaśatru

sūryaśatru - enemy of the sun, name of a demon

Compound type : tatpurusha (sūrya+śatru)

• sūrya – sun, sun god
  noun (masculine)
• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)

Note: Another name/epithet for a demon.

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - immensely powerful, mighty, great strength

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, very powerful

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with the preceding names/epithets.

सुप्तघ्नः (suptaghnaḥ) - Suptaghna (name), slayer of the sleeping

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suptaghna

suptaghna - slayer of the sleeping, Suptaghna (name of a demon)

Compound type : tatpurusha (supta+ghna)

• supta – sleeping, asleep
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'svap' (to sleep).
  Root: svap (class 2)
• ghna – slayer, destroying
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective from root 'han'
  From root 'han' (to strike, kill).
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Another demon name.

यज्ञकोपः (yajñakopaḥ) - Yajñakopa (name), angered by Vedic rituals

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yajñakopa

yajñakopa - one angered by [Vedic] ritual (yajña), Yajñakopa (name of a demon)

Compound type : tatpurusha (yajña+kopa)

• yajña – [Vedic] ritual, worship, offering
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'yaj' (to worship).
  Root: yaj (class 1)
• kopa – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'kup' (to be angry).
  Root: kup (class 4)

Note: Another demon name.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'Suptaghna' and 'Yajñakopa'.

महापार्श्वः (mahāpārśvaḥ) - Mahaparshva (name), broad-flanked

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāpārśva

mahāpārśva - Mahaparshva (name of a demon), broad-flanked

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+pārśva)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• pārśva – side, flank
  noun (masculine)

Note: Another demon name.

महोदरः (mahodaraḥ) - Mahodara (name), large-bellied

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahodara

mahodara - Mahodara (name of a demon), large-bellied, swollen-bellied

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+udara)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• udara – belly, abdomen
  noun (neuter)

Note: Another demon name.

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