वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-9, verse-12

बलान्यपरिमेयानि वीर्याणि च निशाचराः ।
परेषां सहसावज्ञा न कर्तव्या कथं चन ॥१२॥

12. balānyaparimeyāni vīryāṇi ca niśācarāḥ ,
pareṣāṃ sahasāvajñā na kartavyā kathaṃ cana.

12. balāni aparimeyāni vīryāṇi ca niśācarāḥ
pareṣām sahasā avajñā na kartavyā katham cana

12. he niśācarāḥ,
pareṣām aparimeyāni balāni ca vīryāṇi santi.
sahasā avajñā katham cana na kartavyā.

12. O Rākṣasas, the forces and prowess of enemies are immeasurable. Hasty contempt should never be shown towards them in any way.

Words meanings summery:

• बलानि (balāni) - forces (strengths, forces, armies)

• अपरिमेयानि (aparimeyāni) - immeasurable (immeasurable, innumerable, limitless)

• वीर्याणि (vīryāṇi) - prowess (prowess, valor, strength, power)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• निशाचराः (niśācarāḥ) - O Rākṣasas (O night-wanderers, O Rākṣasas)

• परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of enemies (of others, of enemies, of strangers)

• सहसा (sahasā) - hastily (suddenly, hastily, rashly, by force)

• अवज्ञा (avajñā) - contempt (contempt, disregard, disrespect)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• कर्तव्या (kartavyā) - should be shown (lit. should be done/made) (ought to be done, should be made, to be performed)

• कथम् (katham) - (in what manner) (how, why, in what manner)

• चन (cana) - (with katham and na) in any way (even, also, and, (with negative) never, in any way)

Words meanings and morphology

बलानि (balāni) - forces (strengths, forces, armies)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army

अपरिमेयानि (aparimeyāni) - immeasurable (immeasurable, innumerable, limitless)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of aparimeya

aparimeya - immeasurable, innumerable, limitless, boundless

Gerundive (Kṛtya)

From root mā (to measure) with prefixes pari- and negative a-.

Prefixes: a+pari

Root: mā (class 2)

वीर्याणि (vīryāṇi) - prowess (prowess, valor, strength, power)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of vīrya

vīrya - prowess, valor, strength, power, energy

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

निशाचराः (niśācarāḥ) - O Rākṣasas (O night-wanderers, O Rākṣasas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of niśācara

niśācara - night-wanderer, goblin, demon, Rākṣasa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (niśā+cara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• cara – moving, going, wanderer
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root car (to move, wander).
  Root: car (class 1)

परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of enemies (of others, of enemies, of strangers)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of para

para - other, supreme, enemy, stranger

Note: Used substantively here.

सहसा (sahasā) - hastily (suddenly, hastily, rashly, by force)

(indeclinable)

Instrumental form of sahas (force) used adverbially.

Note: Often forms compounds like sahasāvjñā. Here, sandhi is undone to sahasā avajñā.

अवज्ञा (avajñā) - contempt (contempt, disregard, disrespect)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of avajñā

avajñā - contempt, disregard, disrespect, scorn

From root jñā (to know) with prefix ava- (down, away).

Prefix: ava

Root: jñā (class 9)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

कर्तव्या (kartavyā) - should be shown (lit. should be done/made) (ought to be done, should be made, to be performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kartavya

kartavya - to be done, to be made, to be performed, obligatory

Gerundive (Kṛtya)

From root kṛ (to do, to make) with suffix -tavya.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with avajñā.

कथम् (katham) - (in what manner) (how, why, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

Derived from kim (what) + suffix -tham

चन (cana) - (with katham and na) in any way (even, also, and, (with negative) never, in any way)

(indeclinable)

Note: Forms an emphatic negative with katham and na: 'not in any way', 'never'.

Previous Verse Next Verse