वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-9, verse-21

पुरा शरत्सूर्यमरीचिसंनिभान्नवाग्रपुङ्खान् सुदृढान्नृपात्मजः ।
सृजत्यमोघान् विशिखान् वधाय ते प्रदीयतां दाशरथाय मैथिली ॥२१॥

21. purā śaratsūryamarīcisaṃnibhānnavāgrapuṅkhān sudṛḍhānnṛpātmajaḥ ,
sṛjatyamoghān viśikhān vadhāya te pradīyatāṃ dāśarathāya maithilī.

21. purā śaratsūryamarīcisaṃnibhān
navāgrapuṅkhān sudṛḍhān nṛpātmajaḥ
sṛjati amoghān viśikhān vadhāya te
pradīyatām dāśarathāya maithilī

21. purā nṛpātmajaḥ te vadhāya śaratsūryamarīcisaṃnibhān navāgrapuṅkhān sudṛḍhān amoghān viśikhān sṛjati,
dāśarathāya maithilī pradīyatām

21. Before the prince (Rāma) unleashes his unerring arrows, which are like the rays of the autumn sun, with new and strong feathered shafts, for your destruction, let Maithilī be returned to Daśaratha's son (Rāma).

Words meanings summery:

• पुरा (purā) - before (before, formerly, in ancient times)

• शरत्सूर्यमरीचिसंनिभान् (śaratsūryamarīcisaṁnibhān) - like the rays of the autumn sun

• नवाग्रपुङ्खान् (navāgrapuṅkhān) - with new and strong feathered shafts (with new and sharp feathered shafts)

• सुदृढान् (sudṛḍhān) - very strong (very strong, very firm)

• नृपात्मजः (nṛpātmajaḥ) - the prince (Rāma) (son of a king, prince)

• सृजति (sṛjati) - he unleashes (he creates, he releases, he sends forth)

• अमोघान् (amoghān) - unerring (infallible, unerring, not in vain)

• विशिखान् (viśikhān) - arrows (arrows (plural))

• वधाय (vadhāya) - for destruction (for slaughter, for destruction)

• ते (te) - your (your, to you, by you)

• प्रदीयताम् (pradīyatām) - she should be returned (let her be given, she should be given back)

• दाशरथाय (dāśarathāya) - to Daśaratha's son (Rāma) (to the son of Daśaratha (Rāma))

• मैथिली (maithilī) - Maithilī (Maithilī (Sītā, as daughter of the king of Mithila))

Words meanings and morphology

पुरा (purā) - before (before, formerly, in ancient times)

(indeclinable)

adverb

शरत्सूर्यमरीचिसंनिभान् (śaratsūryamarīcisaṁnibhān) - like the rays of the autumn sun

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śaratsūryamarīcisaṃnibha

śaratsūryamarīcisaṁnibha - resembling the rays of the autumn sun

Compound adjective.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa / bahuvrīhi (śarat+sūrya+marīci+saṃnibha)

• śarat – autumn
  noun (feminine)
• sūrya – sun
  noun (masculine)
  Root: sū
• marīci – ray of light
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mṛ
• saṃnibha – resembling, like
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from 'sam' (together) and 'nibhā' (to appear), but stands as a single word 'resembling'.

Note: Modifying 'viśikhān'.

नवाग्रपुङ्खान् (navāgrapuṅkhān) - with new and strong feathered shafts (with new and sharp feathered shafts)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of navāgrapuṅkha

navāgrapuṅkha - having new and sharp feathered shafts

Compound word describing arrows.

Compound type : karmadhāraya / bahuvrīhi (nava+agra+puṅkha)

• nava – new, fresh
  adjective (masculine)
• agra – tip, point, foremost
  noun (neuter)
• puṅkha – feathered shaft of an arrow
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifying 'viśikhān'.

सुदृढान् (sudṛḍhān) - very strong (very strong, very firm)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sudṛḍha

sudṛḍha - very strong, very firm

Compound with prefix 'su' (very) + 'dṛḍha' (strong, firm).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+dṛḍha)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
  adverbial prefix
• dṛḍha – strong, firm, steady
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'dṛh' (to make firm).
  Root: dṛh (class 1)

Note: Modifying 'viśikhān'.

नृपात्मजः (nṛpātmajaḥ) - the prince (Rāma) (son of a king, prince)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpātmaja

nṛpātmaja - son of a king, prince

Compound 'nṛpa' (king) + 'ātmaja' (son).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (nṛpa+ātmaja)

• nṛpa – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  'nṛ' (man) + 'pa' (protector).
  Root: pā (class 1)
• ātmaja – born of oneself, son
  noun (masculine)
  'ātman' (self) + 'ja' (born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'sṛjati'.

सृजति (sṛjati) - he unleashes (he creates, he releases, he sends forth)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of sṛj

Present active indicative

3rd person singular, present tense, active voice

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Main verb of the first clause.

अमोघान् (amoghān) - unerring (infallible, unerring, not in vain)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of amogha

amogha - infallible, unerring, not vain

Negative compound 'a' (not) + 'mogha' (vain, futile).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+mogha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• mogha – vain, futile, useless
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'mugh' (to be foolish).
  Root: mugh (class 1)

Note: Modifying 'viśikhān'.

विशिखान् (viśikhān) - arrows (arrows (plural))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of viśikha

viśikha - arrow, headless (lit. 'without a tuft of hair')

Literally 'without a topknot', a name for an arrow.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+śikha)

• vi – without, apart
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• śikha – tuft of hair, crest, flame
  noun (masculine)

Note: Direct object of 'sṛjati'.

वधाय (vadhāya) - for destruction (for slaughter, for destruction)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - killing, slaughter, destruction

From root 'vadh' (to strike, kill).

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Expresses purpose.

ते (te) - your (your, to you, by you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you (pronoun)

2nd person singular pronoun, genitive/dative case

Note: Possessive, "your destruction".

प्रदीयताम् (pradīyatām) - she should be returned (let her be given, she should be given back)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (loṭ) of pradā

Present Passive Imperative

3rd person singular, present tense, passive voice, imperative mood (loṭ)

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

दाशरथाय (dāśarathāya) - to Daśaratha's son (Rāma) (to the son of Daśaratha (Rāma))

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of dāśaratha

dāśaratha - son of Daśaratha (Rāma)

Patronymic 'dāśaratha' from 'daśaratha' (king).

Note: Indirect object of 'pradīyatām'.

मैथिली (maithilī) - Maithilī (Maithilī (Sītā, as daughter of the king of Mithila))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of maithilī

maithilī - Maithilī, princess of Mithila (Sītā)

Feminine patronymic from 'mithila'

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'pradīyatām'.

Previous Verse Next Verse