वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-106, verse-16

न हि शक्तः स दुष्टात्मा मनसापि हि मैथिलीम् ।
प्रधर्षयितुमप्राप्तां दीप्तामग्निशिखामिव ॥१६॥

16. na hi śaktaḥ sa duṣṭātmā manasāpi hi maithilīm ,
pradharṣayitumaprāptāṃ dīptāmagniśikhāmiva.

16. na hi śaktaḥ saḥ duṣṭātmā manasā api hi maithilīm
pradharṣayitum aprāptām dīptām agniśikhām iva

16. hi saḥ duṣṭātmā manasā api hi aprāptām dīptām
agniśikhām iva maithilīm pradharṣayitum na śaktaḥ

16. Indeed, that evil-minded one (duṣṭātmā) is not capable, even in his mind, of violating Maithili, who is as unapproachable as a blazing flame of fire.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

• शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - capable (of violating Maithili) (capable, able)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Ravana) (he, that)

• दुष्टात्मा (duṣṭātmā) - the evil-minded one (Ravana) (evil-minded, wicked soul)

• मनसा (manasā) - even with his mind (thinking about it) (by mind, with the mind)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• मैथिलीम् (maithilīm) - Sita, daughter of the king of Mithila (Maithili, princess of Mithila (Sita))

• प्रधर्षयितुम् (pradharṣayitum) - to violate (Sita) (to violate, to molest, to outrage)

• अप्राप्ताम् (aprāptām) - unapproachable (like a flame) (unapproachable, unattainable)

• दीप्ताम् (dīptām) - blazing (like a flame) (blazing, shining, inflamed)

• अग्निशिखाम् (agniśikhām) - a flame of fire (flame of fire, tongue of fire)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - capable (of violating Maithili) (capable, able)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakta

śakta - capable, able, powerful; attached to

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'śak' (to be able) + -ta suffix.

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Modifies 'saḥ' (Ravana).

सः (saḥ) - he (Ravana) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Ravana.

दुष्टात्मा (duṣṭātmā) - the evil-minded one (Ravana) (evil-minded, wicked soul)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duṣṭātman

duṣṭātman - evil-minded, wicked soul, depraved spirit

Compound type : karmadhāraya (duṣṭa+ātman)

• duṣṭa – wicked, corrupted, bad, depraved
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'duṣ' (to be corrupt) + -ta suffix.
  Root: duṣ (class 4)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Epithet for Ravana.

मनसा (manasā) - even with his mind (thinking about it) (by mind, with the mind)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, thought

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Indicates the means or extent.

अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Reinforces the preceding 'na' and 'api'.

मैथिलीम् (maithilīm) - Sita, daughter of the king of Mithila (Maithili, princess of Mithila (Sita))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of maithilī

maithilī - a woman from Mithila; Sita

Feminine derivative of 'mithila'.

Note: Object of the infinitive 'pradharṣayitum'.

प्रधर्षयितुम् (pradharṣayitum) - to violate (Sita) (to violate, to molest, to outrage)

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of pradharṣayitum

Infinitive

Infinitive form of the causative of 'pra' + 'dhṛṣ' (to dare).

Prefix: pra

Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

Note: Governed by 'śaktaḥ'.

अप्राप्ताम् (aprāptām) - unapproachable (like a flame) (unapproachable, unattainable)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of aprāpta

aprāpta - unobtained, unreached, unattainable, unapproachable

Past Passive Participle (negative compound)

Negation 'a' + 'prāpta' (reached), from 'pra' + root 'āp' (to obtain).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+prāpta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• prāpta – obtained, reached, attained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'pra' + root 'āp' (to obtain).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Describes Maithili.

दीप्ताम् (dīptām) - blazing (like a flame) (blazing, shining, inflamed)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dīpta

dīpta - blazing, shining, inflamed, bright

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'dīp' (to shine, blaze) + -ta suffix.

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Describes the flame.

अग्निशिखाम् (agniśikhām) - a flame of fire (flame of fire, tongue of fire)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of agniśikhā

agniśikhā - flame of fire, tongue of fire

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (agni+śikhā)

• agni – fire, sacrificial fire, god of fire
  noun (masculine)
• śikhā – crest, peak, topknot, flame, point
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of comparison.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

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