वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-26, verse-1

सा राक्षसेन्द्रस्य वचो निशम्य तद् रावणस्याप्रियमप्रियार्ता ।
सीता वितत्रास यथा वनान्ते सिंहाभिपन्ना गजराजकन्या ॥१॥

1. sā rākṣasendrasya vaco niśamya tad rāvaṇasyāpriyamapriyārtā ,
sītā vitatrāsa yathā vanānte siṃhābhipannā gajarājakanyā.

1. sā rākṣasendrasya vacaḥ niśamya tat rāvaṇasya apriyam apriyārtā
sītā vitatrāsa yathā vanānte siṃhābhipannā gajarājakanyā

1. sā apriyārtā sītā rākṣasendrasya rāvaṇasya tat apriyam vacaḥ
niśamya vitatrāsa yathā vanānte siṃhābhipannā gajarājakanyā

1. She, Sītā, distressed by the unpleasant words, having heard that disagreeable speech of Rāvaṇa, the lord of the Rākṣasas, trembled, just like a young elephant in the forest, attacked by a lion.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - she (Sita) (she, that (feminine singular nominative of 'tad'))

• राक्षसेन्द्रस्य (rākṣasendrasya) - of the lord of Rākṣasas (of the lord of Rākṣasas (demons))

• वचः (vacaḥ) - speech (word, speech)

• निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard (having heard, having perceived)

• तत् (tat) - that (that, it)

• रावणस्य (rāvaṇasya) - of Rāvaṇa

• अप्रियम् (apriyam) - disagreeable (unpleasant, disagreeable, disliked)

• अप्रियार्ता (apriyārtā) - distressed by the unpleasant words (afflicted by the unpleasant, distressed by sorrow)

• सीता (sītā) - Sītā (Sita (name of Janaka's daughter, Rama's wife))

• वितत्रास (vitatrāsa) - trembled (trembled, was frightened)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, in the manner that)

• वनान्ते (vanānte) - in the forest (at the forest edge, in the forest)

• सिंहाभिपन्ना (siṁhābhipannā) - attacked by a lion (attacked by a lion, fallen upon by a lion)

• गजराजकन्या (gajarājakanyā) - a young female elephant (a young female elephant (literally, daughter of an elephant king))

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - she (Sita) (she, that (feminine singular nominative of 'tad'))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

राक्षसेन्द्रस्य (rākṣasendrasya) - of the lord of Rākṣasas (of the lord of Rākṣasas (demons))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rākṣasendra

rākṣasendra - lord of Rākṣasas

Compound type : tatpurusha (rākṣasa+indra)

• rākṣasa – demon, Rākṣasa
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief, Indra
  noun (masculine)

वचः (vacaḥ) - speech (word, speech)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, voice

Note: Can also be accusative singular.

निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard (having heard, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'śam' (to be tranquil) with prefix 'ni', causative (śamayati) + -ya suffix

Prefix: ni

Root: śam (class 4)

तत् (tat) - that (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'vacaḥ'.

रावणस्य (rāvaṇasya) - of Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (name of the demon king of Lanka)

अप्रियम् (apriyam) - disagreeable (unpleasant, disagreeable, disliked)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of apriya

apriya - unpleasant, disagreeable, disliked

Compound type : nan-tatpurusha (a+priya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• priya – dear, beloved, pleasant
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Refers to 'vacaḥ'.

अप्रियार्ता (apriyārtā) - distressed by the unpleasant words (afflicted by the unpleasant, distressed by sorrow)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of apriyārta

apriyārta - afflicted by the unpleasant, distressed by sorrow

Compound type : tatpurusha (apriya+ārta)

• apriya – unpleasant, disagreeable
  adjective (neuter)
  negative of priya
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, suffering
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'ṛ' (to go, move) in causative or from root 'ṛt' (to hurt) + kta suffix
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Agreeing with Sītā.

सीता (sītā) - Sītā (Sita (name of Janaka's daughter, Rama's wife))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sita, furrow (goddess of agriculture)

वितत्रास (vitatrāsa) - trembled (trembled, was frightened)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vitatras

From root 'tras' (to tremble, fear) with prefix 'vi', Perfect tense (Lit)

Prefix: vi

Root: tras (class 4)

यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, in the manner that)

(indeclinable)

वनान्ते (vanānte) - in the forest (at the forest edge, in the forest)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vanānta

vanānta - forest edge, vicinity of a forest

Compound type : tatpurusha (vana+anta)

• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
• anta – end, edge, proximity
  noun (masculine)

सिंहाभिपन्ना (siṁhābhipannā) - attacked by a lion (attacked by a lion, fallen upon by a lion)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of siṃhābhipanna

siṁhābhipanna - attacked by a lion, fallen upon by a lion

Compound type : tatpurusha (siṃha+abhipanna)

• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)
• abhipanna – attacked, overcome, reached
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'pad' (to go) with prefix 'abhi' + kta suffix
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Agreeing with gajarājakanyā.

गजराजकन्या (gajarājakanyā) - a young female elephant (a young female elephant (literally, daughter of an elephant king))

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gajarājakanyā

gajarājakanyā - a young female elephant, princess of elephants

Compound type : tatpurusha (gaja+rāja+kanyā)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
• kanyā – daughter, maiden, girl
  noun (feminine)